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For: Raimondo G, Pollicino T, Cacciola I, Squadrito G. Occult hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 2007;46:160-70. [PMID: 17112622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

For:	Raimondo G, Pollicino T, Cacciola I, Squadrito G. Occult hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 2007;46:160-70. [PMID: 17112622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Rajkumar N, Mishra AK, Khumukcham L, Katiyar H, Thangjam D, Singh R, Khwairakpam G, Goel A. Comparison of Serological Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine Following Rapid or Standard Regimen in People Who Inject Drugs. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2025;15:102501. [PMID: 39975859 PMCID: PMC11833630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2025.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open

Abstract

Background & Aims

The standard regimen of hepatitis B vaccination, i.e., three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months, protects 90-95% of vaccine recipients. Compliance for three doses, administered over six months, is particularly low among people who inject drugs (PWIDs). To prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the World Health Organization has recommend to vaccinate PWIDs with an accelerated regimen, i.e., in a 0-, 7-, and 21-day schedule. We compared the serological immune response with standard and accelerated vaccination regimens in PWIDs.

Methods

PWIDs were vaccinated with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine as a part of routine preventive services in the past, which was not the part of our research work. Each of them had taken a conscious and informed decision to choose either the standard or accelerated regimen at the time of vaccination. For this cross-sectional observational study, anti-HBs (anti-HBs) titers were measured in vaccine recipients at ≥3 months after the administration of the third dose of vaccine. Vaccine-induced seroconversion was defined as presence of detectable anti-HBs titer, and seroprotection was defined as anti-HBs titer measuring ≥10 mIU/mL. Numerical and categorical data are expressed as median (interquartile range) and percentage (proportion), respectively; groups were compared using nonparametric tests.

Results

The study included 567 PWIDs (all men; age: 29 [24-38] years) vaccinated with either the accelerated (n = 356; 62.8%) or standard (n = 211; 37.2%) regimen. Participants' ages were comparable (P = 0.99) in accelerated (29 [24-38.5] years) and standard (29 [24-37] years) groups. The interval between the last dose of vaccine and anti-HBs titer estimation was significantly longer in the accelerated group (487 [422-625]) than in the standard group (176 [105-211] days) (P < 0.001). A higher proportion achieved seroconversion in the standard group than in the accelerated group (99.5% vs 91.9%; P < 0.001). Among those who achieved seroconversion, a larger proportion in the standard group were seroprotected than in the accelerated group (99.5% vs. 92.1%; P < 0.001). Anti-HBs titer was significantly higher in the standard group (2404 [412-12450] mIU/mL) than in the accelerated group (247 [57-1250] mIU/mL) (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Accelerated regimen of hepatitis B vaccination is well accepted among PWIDs and provides seroprotection to a large proportion of vaccine recipients, though the vaccine-induced antibody titers remain relatively lower. For high-risk groups such as PWIDs and other mobile population groups, an accelerated vaccination regimen may be a reasonable alternative to the standard vaccination schedule.

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Jiang B, Guan G, Zhao K, Gu Z, Wang L, Gu W, Li M, Xia Y, Chen X, Guo Y, Zhang J, Cao Z, Yuen MF, Lu F. Mechanisms Underlying Delayed loss of HBeAg and HBV DNA Following HBsAg Seroclearance in PEG-IFNα Treated Patients of chronic hepatitis B. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025:2475847. [PMID: 40035711 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2475847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]

Affiliation(s)

Bei Jiang Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Hepatology, Tianjin, China
Guiwen Guan Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Kaitao Zhao State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Zhiqiang Gu Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Lin Wang Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Shenzhen Blood Center, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China
Weilin Gu Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Minghui Li Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
Yuchen Xia State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Xiangmei Chen Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Shenzhen Blood Center, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China
Yifei Guo Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOH & MOE), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Jiming Zhang Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOH & MOE), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Zhenhuan Cao The Third Unit, Department of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Man-Fung Yuen Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Fengmin Lu Department of Microbiology &Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Shenzhen Blood Center, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China

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Phinius BB, Choga WT, Anderson M, Mokomane M, Gobe I, Ratsoma T, Phakedi B, Mpebe G, Bhebhe L, Gaolathe T, Mosepele M, Makhema J, Shapiro R, Lockman S, Musonda R, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S. Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis B Virus in People Living with HIV in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana. Biomedicines 2024;12:1561. [PMID: 39062134 PMCID: PMC11275055 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open

Affiliation(s)

Bonolo B. Phinius Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana; (M.M.); (I.G.)
Wonderful T. Choga Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana; (M.M.); (I.G.)
Motswedi Anderson Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Private Bag X7, Congella, Durban 4013, South Africa The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
Margaret Mokomane School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana; (M.M.); (I.G.)
Irene Gobe School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana; (M.M.); (I.G.)
Tsholofelo Ratsoma Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.)
Basetsana Phakedi Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.)
Gorata Mpebe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.)
Lynnette Bhebhe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.)
Tendani Gaolathe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana
Mosepele Mosepele Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana
Joseph Makhema Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Roger Shapiro Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Shahin Lockman Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Rosemary Musonda Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Sikhulile Moyo Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone Private Bag UB0022, Botswana; (M.M.); (I.G.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Cape Town 7602, South Africa School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Simani Gaseitsiwe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone Private Bag BO320, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA

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Satake M, Sugiyama M, Mizokami M, Tanaka J. Incidences of new hepatitis B infection and anti-hepatitis B core-negative occult hepatitis B infection among Japanese blood donors in relation to anti-hepatitis B surface antigen levels. J Med Virol 2024;96:e29823. [PMID: 39039862 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]

Kuo TY, Chang JCJ, Chien YC, Jan CF. The seroepidemiology of isolated core antibody against hepatitis B among Taiwanese adults - A large hospital-based study. J Formos Med Assoc 2024;123:693-700. [PMID: 37978028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open

Guo JW, Ho HY, Dai CY, Chen YH, Yu ML, Yu LS. Single-tube, single-strip lateral flow assays utilizing loop-mediated isothermal amplification for simultaneous hepatitis B and C viral detection. J Med Virol 2024;96:e29721. [PMID: 38899377 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]

Phinius BB, Anderson M, Gobe I, Mokomane M, Choga WT, Phakedi B, Ratsoma T, Mpebe G, Makhema J, Shapiro R, Lockman S, Musonda R, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S. High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana. Viruses 2024;16:592. [PMID: 38675933 PMCID: PMC11054684 DOI: 10.3390/v16040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open

Affiliation(s)

Bonolo B. Phinius Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana; (I.G.); (M.M.)
Motswedi Anderson Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.)
Irene Gobe School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana; (I.G.); (M.M.)
Margaret Mokomane School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana; (I.G.); (M.M.)
Wonderful T. Choga Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana; (I.G.); (M.M.)
Basetsana Phakedi Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.)
Tsholofelo Ratsoma Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.)
Gorata Mpebe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.)
Joseph Makhema Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Roger Shapiro Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Shahin Lockman Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Rosemary Musonda Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.)
Sikhulile Moyo Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana; (I.G.); (M.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Simani Gaseitsiwe Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Private Bag BO320, Gaborone, Botswana; (B.B.P.); (M.A.); (G.M.); (J.M.); (R.S.); (S.L.); (R.M.); (S.M.) Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA

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Singh K, Peng HT, Moes K, Kretz CA, Beckett A. Past meets present: Reviving 80-year-old Canadian dried serum from World War II and its significance in advancing modern freeze-dried plasma for prehospital management of haemorrhage. Br J Haematol 2024;204:1515-1522. [PMID: 38272068 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]

Cohen EB, Regev A, Garg A, Di Bisceglie AM, Lewis JH, Vierling JM, Hey-Hadavi J, Steplewski K, Fettiplace A, Chen CL, Pehlivanov N, Kendrick S, I Avigan M. Consensus Guidelines: Best Practices for the Prevention, Detection and Management of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Clinical Trials with Immunosuppressive/Immunomodulatory Therapy. Drug Saf 2024;47:321-332. [PMID: 38353882 PMCID: PMC10954982 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-024-01399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]

Fu MX, Simmonds P, Andersson M, Harvala H. Biomarkers of transfusion transmitted occult hepatitis B virus infection: Where are we and what next? Rev Med Virol 2024;34:e2525. [PMID: 38375981 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]

Abstract

Blood transfusion is a vital procedure, where transfusion-transmitted infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains an important issue, especially from blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI). Occult hepatitis B virus infection is a complex entity to detect using surrogate blood biomarkers for intrahepatic viral transcriptional activity, requiring a continually refined battery of tests utilised for screening. This review aims to critically evaluate the latest advances in the current blood biomarkers to guide the identification of OBI donors and discuss novel HBV markers that could be introduced in future diagnostic practice. Challenges in detecting low HBV surface antigen levels, mutants, and complexes necessitate ultrasensitive multivalent dissociation assays, whilst HBV DNA testing requires improved sensitivity but worsens inaccessibility. Anti-core antibody assays defer almost all potentially infectious donations but have low specificity, and titres of anti-surface antibodies that prevent infectivity are poorly defined with suboptimal sensitivity. The challenges associated with these traditional blood HBV markers create an urgent need for alternative biomarkers that would help us better understand the OBI. Emerging viral biomarkers, such as pre-genomic RNA and HBV core-related antigen, immunological HBV biomarkers of T-cell reactivity and cytokine levels, and host biomarkers of microRNA and human leucocyte antigen molecules, present potential advances to gauge intrahepatic activity more accurately. Further studies on these markers may uncover an optimal diagnostic algorithm for OBI using quantification of various novel and traditional blood HBV markers. Addressing critical knowledge gaps identified in this review would decrease the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection without compromising the sustainability of blood supplies.

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Zhang W, Du F, Wang L, Bai T, Zhou X, Mei H. Hepatitis Virus-associated Non-hodgkin Lymphoma: Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategies. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023;11:1256-1266. [PMID: 37577221 PMCID: PMC10412707 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00079s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open

BAZIE MOMEIYIMICHEE, DJIGMA FLORENCIAWENDKUUNI, SANOU MAHAMOUDOU, SORGHO PEGDWENDÉABEL, OUATTARA ABDOULKARIM, OBIRI-YEBOAH DORCAS, KAPIEKO NADÈGE, SOMBIE HERMANKARIM, BADO PROSPER, YELEMKOURE EDWIGETAMPOUBILA, KIENDREBEOGO ISABELLETOUWENDPOULIMDÉ, NAGALO MARIUSBOLNI, YONLI ALBERTTHÉOPHANE, SIMPORE JACQUES. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor alleles influence susceptibility to occult hepatitis B infection in West African population. J Public Health Afr 2023;14:2586. [PMID: 37908389 PMCID: PMC10615156 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open

Affiliation(s)

MOMEIYI MICHEE BAZIE Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
FLORENCIA WENDKUUNI DJIGMA Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
MAHAMOUDOU SANOU Department of Pharmacy, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
PEGDWENDÉ ABEL SORGHO Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
ABDOUL KARIM OUATTARA Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
DORCAS OBIRI-YEBOAH Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
NADÈGE KAPIEKO Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
HERMAN KARIM SOMBIE Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
PROSPER BADO Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
EDWIGE TAMPOUBILA YELEMKOURE Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
ISABELLE TOUWENDPOULIMDÉ KIENDREBEOGO Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
MARIUS BOLNI NAGALO Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
ALBERT THÉOPHANE YONLI Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou
JACQUES SIMPORE Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE), Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), Ouagadougou

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Sharma S, Rawal P, Kaur S, Puria R. Liver organoids as a primary human model to study HBV-mediated Hepatocellular carcinoma. A review. Exp Cell Res 2023;428:113618. [PMID: 37142202 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]

Barlas T, Yalcin MM, Ozger HS, Altinova AE, Akturk M, Toruner FB, Karakoc A, Yetkin I. Overlooked complication of Cushing's syndrome: Reactivation of hepatitis B. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023;98:481-486. [PMID: 36443641 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]

Viganò M, La Milia M, Grassini MV, Pugliese N, De Giorgio M, Fagiuoli S. Hepatotoxicity of Small Molecule Protein Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023;15:cancers15061766. [PMID: 36980652 PMCID: PMC10046041 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open

Kazim NA, Lilo KM, Ibraheem SR, Saleh YA, Shabeeb SB. EVALUATION OF SEROLOGICAL SCREENING AND PCR-AMPLIFICATION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS DNA AMONG IRAQI BLOOD DONORS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023;75:2915-2919. [PMID: 36723303 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202212104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]

Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody Positivity and Long-Term Liver-Related Mortality in Korea: A Cohort Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2023;118:95-104. [PMID: 36087102 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Whether isolated hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positivity is a risk factor for long-term liver-related outcomes in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-endemic areas remains unclear. We aimed to investigate liver-related and liver cancer mortality of isolated anti-HBc positivity in Korean adults.

METHODS

A cohort study comprised 609,299 Korean adults who underwent hepatitis B serologic markers, as a part of health examination. Liver-related and liver cancer mortality were determined using the National Death Records.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up of 9.0 years (interquartile range, 5.5-13.7 years), 554 liver-related deaths were identified (liver-related mortality, 9.6 cases per 10 5 person-years). The prevalence of isolated anti-HBc positivity was 3.8% (n = 23,399) and was age-dependent. After adjustment for age, sex, and other confounders, hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for liver-related mortality in isolated anti-HBc-positive and hepatitis B surface antigen-positive subjects compared with HBV-unexposed subjects were 1.69 (1.22-2.33) and 27.02 (21.45-34.04), respectively. These associations were pronounced in the analyses using liver cancer mortality as an outcome. Among isolated anti-HBc-positive patients, the risks of liver-related and liver cancer mortality were significantly higher in those with high fibrosis-4 scores compared with patients unexposed to HBV with the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 15.59 (9.21-26.37) and 72.66 (36.96-142.86), respectively.

DISCUSSION

In this cohort of Korean adults, isolated anti-HBc positivity was associated with an increased risk of liver-related and liver cancer mortality, especially when accompanied by a high fibrosis score. Isolated anti-HBc positivity may be an independent risk factor for liver-related outcomes, especially in high-endemic areas.

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Ward JW, Wanlapakorn N, Poovorawan Y, Shouval D. Hepatitis B Vaccines. PLOTKIN'S VACCINES 2023:389-432.e21. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-79058-1.00027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]

Phinius BB, Anderson M, Gobe I, Mokomane M, Choga WT, Mutenga SR, Mpebe G, Pretorius-Holme M, Musonda R, Gaolathe T, Mmalane M, Shapiro R, Makhema J, Lockman S, Novitsky V, Essex M, Moyo S, Gaseitsiwe S. High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among People With HIV in Rural and Periurban Communities in Botswana. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023;10:ofac707. [PMID: 36686633 PMCID: PMC9850276 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open

Affiliation(s)

Bonolo B Phinius Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana,Gaborone, Botswana
Motswedi Anderson Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana,Gaborone, Botswana
Irene Gobe School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana,Gaborone, Botswana
Margaret Mokomane School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana,Gaborone, Botswana
Wonderful T Choga Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
Sharon R Mutenga Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Applied Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
Gorata Mpebe Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Botswana,Gaborone, Botswana
Molly Pretorius-Holme Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Rosemary Musonda Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Tendani Gaolathe Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
Mompati Mmalane Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Roger Shapiro Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Joseph Makhema Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Shahin Lockman Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Vlad Novitsky Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Max Essex Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Sikhulile Moyo Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Simani Gaseitsiwe Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Ondigui JLN, Kenmoe S, Kengne-Ndé C, Ebogo-Belobo JT, Takuissu GR, Kenfack-Momo R, Mbaga DS, Tchatchouang S, Kenfack-Zanguim J, Fogang RL, Menkem EZ, Kame-Ngasse GI, Magoudjou-Pekam JN, Bowo-Ngandji A, Goumkwa NM, Esemu SN, Ndip L, Essama SHR, Torimiro J. Epidemiology of occult hepatitis B and C in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Public Health 2022;15:1436-1445. [PMID: 36395668 PMCID: PMC7613883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Occult hepatitis B (OBI) and C (OCI) infections lead to hepatic crises including cases of liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OBI and OCI also pose a significant problem of their transmissibility. This study aimed to assess the overall prevalence of OBI and OCI in the African continent, a region highly endemic for classical hepatitis B and C viruses.

METHODS

For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched: PubMed, Web of Science, African Journal Online and African Index Medicus for published studies on the prevalence of OBI and OCI in Africa. Study selection and data extraction were performed by at least two independent investigators. Heterogeneity (I²) was assessed using the χ² test on the Cochran Q statistic and H parameters. Sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analyses. This study was registered in PROSPERO, with reference number CRD42021252772.

RESULTS

We obtained 157 prevalence data for this meta-analysis, from 134 studies for OBI prevalence; 23 studies on OCI prevalence, and a single study on the OBI case fatality rate. The overall estimate for the prevalence of OBI was 14.8% [95% CI = 12.2-17.7] among 18579 participants. The prevalence of seronegative OBI and seropositive OBI was 7.4% [95% CI = 3.8-11.8] and 20.0% [95% CI = 15.3-25.1] respectively. The overall estimate for the prevalence of OCI was 10.7% [95% CI = 6.6-15.4] among 2865 participants. The pooled prevalence of seronegative OCI was estimated at 10.7% [95%CI = 4.8-18.3] and that of seropositive OCI at 14.4% [95%CI = 5.2-22.1]. In Sub-group analysis, patients with malignancies, chronic hepatitis C, and hemodialysis had a higher OCI prevalence. While those with malignancies, liver disorders, and HIV positive registered highest OBI prevalence.

CONCLUSION

This review shows a high prevalence of OBI and OCI in Africa, with variable prevalence between countries and population groups.

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Affiliation(s)

Juliette Laure Ndzie Ondigui Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for AIDS Research (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon
Sebastien Kenmoe Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Cyprien Kengne-Ndé Epidemiological Surveillance, Evaluation and Research Unit, National AIDS Control Committee, Douala, Cameroon
Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
Guy Roussel Takuissu Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
Raoul Kenfack-Momo Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Donatien Serge Mbaga Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Serges Tchatchouang Scientific Direction, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
Josiane Kenfack-Zanguim Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Robertine Lontuo Fogang Department of Animal Biology, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Elisabeth Zeuko'o Menkem Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
Jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Arnol Bowo-Ngandji Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Nadège Mafopa Goumkwa Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for AIDS Research (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon
Seraphine Nkie Esemu Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Lucy Ndip Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Judith Torimiro Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for AIDS Research (CIRCB), Yaounde, Cameroon

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Nande A, Hill AL. The risk of drug resistance during long-acting antimicrobial therapy. Proc Biol Sci 2022;289:20221444. [PMID: 36350211 PMCID: PMC9653236 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open

Huang SW, Chen C, Kong HY, Huang JQ. Prevalence of Cirrhosis/Advanced Fibrosis Among HBsAg-Negative and HBcAb-Positive US Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Infect Dis Ther 2022;11:1901-1916. [PMID: 35934762 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-022-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Evaluation of cirrhosis appears to be easily overlooked in the clinic for the HBsAg-negative (hepatitis B surface antigen-negative) and HBcAb-positive (hepatitis B core antibody-positive) population. Herein, we determine the prevalence of cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis among HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive US adults.

METHODS

Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018. A total of 3115 HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive US adults were enrolled in this study. We assessed cirrhosis by using the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) score.

RESULTS

Out of 50,201 NHANES adults, 45,087 were tested for HBcAb/HBsAg, of whom 3115 met the inclusion criteria (HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive with available data for FIB-4/APRI). The weighted proportion of HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive among US adults was 4.46% (95% CI 4.17-4.75%), affecting 9.87 million US adults. According to the results of the FIB-4, the weighted prevalence of cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis among HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive US adults was 3.76% (95% CI 2.80-4.72%), which corresponds to 371,112 (95% CI 276,360-465,864) HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive American adults who had already developed cirrhosis. Among those, cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis in the HBsAb-negative (hepatitis B surface antibody) group (6.28%, 95% CI 4.10-8.45%) was significantly higher than in the HBsAb-positive group (3.08%, 95% CI 2.07-4.08%). Results were similar when APRI was used.

CONCLUSION

According to the FIB-4, 3.76% of HBsAg-negative and HBcAb-positive US adults had cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis, much higher than in the general population of the USA. Our data highlight the importance of cirrhosis screening in the HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive population to prevent advanced liver disease, especially in those who are HBsAb-negative.

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Saitta C, Pollicino T, Raimondo G. Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection: An Update. Viruses 2022;14:v14071504. [PMID: 35891484 PMCID: PMC9318873 DOI: 10.3390/v14071504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open

Uche EI, Chukwukaodinaka NE, Akinbami AA, Adeyemi OI, Hassan AO, Bamiro RA, Ibrahim IN, Suleiman AM, Augustine B, Anaduaka DC. Common hepatitis B virus genotypes among blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 2022;29:228-235. [PMID: 35900459 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_19_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]

Ahmed Z, Shetty A, Victor DW, Kodali S. Viral hepatitis: A narrative review of hepatitis A–E. World J Meta-Anal 2022;10:99-121. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v10.i3.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Villar LM, Fraga KA, Mendonça ACDF, Miguel JC, Silva EFD, Barbosa JR, Sousa PSFD, Lewis-Ximenez LL, Mello FCDA. Serological and molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus infection in chronic kidney disease patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2022;26:102371. [PMID: 35661641 PMCID: PMC9387460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open

Detection of occult hepatitis B virus infection among subjects with isolated hepatitis B core antibodies: Results from a 3-year survey in an Italian tertiary-care hospital. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022;46:101892. [PMID: 35202845 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]

Nagra N, Kozarek RA, Burman BE. Therapeutic Advances in Viral Hepatitis A-E. Adv Ther 2022;39:1524-1552. [PMID: 35220557 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]

Beykaso G, Mulu A, Giday M, Berhe N, Selamu M, Hailu D, Teklehaymanot T. Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Its Risks of Cryptic Transmission in Southern Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2022;15:619-630. [PMID: 35241914 PMCID: PMC8886027 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s344668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum remains the mainstay in diagnosing and screening of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in most developing countries. The absence of HBsAg in the blood may not indicate the absence of circulating HBV and might be infectious. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the burden and its cryptic transmission risks of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) among HBsAg negative healthy individuals in Southern Ethiopia.

METHODS

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021. Serum samples were collected and assayed for HBsAg and HBV core antibody (anti-HBc) seromarkers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In anti-HBc positive samples, HBV DNA was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were employed. Statistical significance was decided at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

A total of 346 were individuals included in this study; 34 (9.8%) were tested positive for HBsAg. The rest 312 (90.2%) negatively tested were further assayed for anti-HBc, and 115 (36.7%) were found positive implying previous exposure to HBV, and 21 (18.3%) out of 115 anti-HBc positives had HBV DNA signifying OBI. The HBV DNA concentration below 200 IU/mL was 85.7%. A high rate of OBI was observed among individuals who had multiple sexual contacts, a family history of hepatitis, and tattooing.

CONCLUSION

In this study, the prevalence of OBI is high. This indicates the burden of HBV is considerable since screening is exclusively dependent on HBsAg which will not eliminate the possibility of residual cryptic transmission through blood donation, organ transplantation, perinatal transmission, and other contacts. Our results demonstrate that nucleic acid-based testing (NAT) should be an essential part of screening to prevent missing OBI.

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Perry C. Be on guard: longer monitoring for very-late onset hepatitis B virus reactivation after chemo-immunotherapy? Leuk Lymphoma 2022;63:771-773. [PMID: 35142574 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2034162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]

Angata K, Wagatsuma T, Togayachi A, Sato T, Sogabe M, Tajiri K, Ozawa T, Nagashima I, Shimizu H, Iijima S, Korenaga M, Kuno A, Kaji H, Mizokami M, Narimatsu H. O-glycosylated HBsAg peptide can induce specific antibody neutralizing HBV infection. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022;1866:130020. [PMID: 34582939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]

Affiliation(s)

Kiyohiko Angata Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Takanori Wagatsuma Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
Akira Togayachi Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Takashi Sato Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Maki Sogabe Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Kazuto Tajiri Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
Tatsuhiko Ozawa Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
Izuru Nagashima Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Hiroki Shimizu Multicellular System Regulation Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Sayuki Iijima Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Masaaki Korenaga Hepatitis Information Centre, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
Atsushi Kuno Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Hiroyuki Kaji Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Masashi Mizokami Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
Hisashi Narimatsu Molecular and Cellular Glycoproteomics Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

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Shirmast P, Shahri MA, Pashangzadeh S, Mirshahabi H, Samadi E, Motamed N. Detection of occult hepatitis B virus in patients undergoing chemotherapy in Iran. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]

Jo HS, Khan JF, Han JH, Yu YD, Kim DS. Efficacy and Safety of Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Following Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin Withdrawal After Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2021;53:3016-3021. [PMID: 34740450 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]

Sood AK, Pathak SM, Khandelwal N. A Study of Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Knowledge and Preventive Practices Against Hepatitis B Virus in Barbers Serving the Armed Forces. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2021;11:668-673. [PMID: 34866845 PMCID: PMC8617542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open

Li Y, Yin S, Issa R, Tong X, Wang G, Xia J, Huang R, Chen G, Weng D, Chen C, Wu C, Chen Y. B Cell-mediated Humoral Immunity in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021;9:592-597. [PMID: 34447690 PMCID: PMC8369012 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Yang Li School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Shengxia Yin Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Rahma Issa Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Xin Tong Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Guiyang Wang Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Juan Xia Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Rui Huang Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Guangmei Chen Department of Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Dan Weng School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Chen Chen Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Chao Wu Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Correspondence to: Yuxin Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-687X. Tel: +86-25-8968-3827, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail: ; Wu Chao, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-010X. Tel: +86-25-8310-5890, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail:
Yuxin Chen Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Correspondence to: Yuxin Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-687X. Tel: +86-25-8968-3827, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail: ; Wu Chao, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-010X. Tel: +86-25-8310-5890, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail:

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Management of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Malignant Lymphoma Prior to Immunosuppressive Treatment. J Pers Med 2021;11:jpm11040267. [PMID: 33918206 PMCID: PMC8066124 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open

Serikova EN, Semenov AV, Ostankova YV, Totolian AA. Method for detecting hepatitis B virus in blood plasma at low viral load using real-time PCR. Klin Lab Diagn 2021;66:59-64. [PMID: 33567175 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2021-66-1-59-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]

Abstract

A method for detecting HBV DNA in peripheral blood at low viral load using real-time PCR was developed and its significance in identifying HBsAg-negative viral hepatitis B was evaluated. When developing the method, blood plasma samples and liver tissue biopsy material were used from 128 patients living in St. Petersburg, in various regions of the Russian Federation, as well as in the Central Asia countries. We also used blood plasma samples from 96 pregnant women and 37 hemodialysis center patients living in Northwestern Federal District, 199 foreign citizens undergoing medical examination to obtain work permits at the Directorate for Migration in the Northwestern Federal District, 397 conditionally healthy people living in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. HBV was detected by nested PCR. Analytical sensitivity was tested using the stepwise dilution method. According to the method developed by us, at the first stage, the HBV DNA is amplified using at the first stage oligonucleotides flanking the genome region 2932-3182 ... 1-1846 nt., and at the second stage two oligonucleotides pairs to the genome virus regions (gene S and gene X) and corresponding oligonucleotide fluorescently labeled probes complementary to the amplified fragments regions carrying fluorophores at the 5'-end, and non-fluorescent quenchers at the 3'-end. The channel corresponding to the FAM fluorophore detects the HBV DNA S-region amplification product, and the channel corresponding to the ROX fluorophore detects the HBV DNA X-region amplification product. The method sensitivity for DNA extraction from plasma with a 100 μl volume was 10 IU/ml. Obtaining a threshold cycle Ct for only one FAM or ROX fluorophore may indicate the HBV DNA presence in a sample at a load of less than 10 IU / ml, HBV detection in this case is possible with a repeated PCR study of the corresponding sample with HBV DNA extraction from an increased plasma volume (200-1000 μl). The developed method makes it possible to identify various HBV genovariants, both characteristic and rare in the Russian Federation, circulating in other world regions. The method can be used to detect HBV in risk groups, in the population, as well as in screening blood donors in order to ensure the blood transfusions safety.

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Hu AQ, Cai QY, Zhang M, Liu HY, Wang TL, Han WH, Li Q, Fan W, Li YJ, He YN, Zheng YJ. Overt and occult hepatitis B infection after neonatal vaccination: mother-to-infant transmission and HBV vaccine effectiveness. Int J Infect Dis 2021;104:601-609. [PMID: 33508476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

An-Qun Hu Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing 246003, China
Qian-Ying Cai Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China; Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
Miao Zhang Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China
Hai-Yan Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing 246003, China
Tian-Lei Wang Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China
Wen-Hui Han Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing 246003, China
Qing Li Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing 246003, China
Wei Fan Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China
Yi-Jie Li Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China
Yi-Ning He Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China
Ying-Jie Zheng Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200233, China.

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Zhou K, Terrault N. Opioid use disorder and Chronic Hepatitis B. THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021:97-123. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-68328-9.00007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2025]

Ayana DA, Mulu A, Mihret A, Seyoum B, Aseffa A, Howe R. Occult Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV negative and positive isolated anti-HBc individuals in eastern Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2020;10:22182. [PMID: 33335238 PMCID: PMC7747707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open

Patel NH, Meier-Stephenson V, Genetu M, Damtie D, Abate E, Alemu S, Aleka Y, Van Marle G, Fonseca K, Coffin CS, Deressa T. Prevalence and genetic variability of occult hepatitis B virus in a human immunodeficiency virus positive patient cohort in Gondar, Ethiopia. PLoS One 2020;15:e0242577. [PMID: 33211768 PMCID: PMC7704059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Occult hepatitis B (OHB) is a major concern in HIV infected patients as it associates with a high risk of HBV reactivation and disease progression. However, data on the prevalence of OHB among HIV positive patients in Ethiopia is lacking. This study aims to determine the prevalence of OHB in HBV/HIV co-infected patients from Gondar, Ethiopia.

METHODS

A total of 308 consented HIV positive patients were recruited from the University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia. Clinical and demographic data of the participants were recorded. Plasma was tested for HBsAg and anti-HBc using commercial assays (Abbott Architect). In HBsAg negative anti-HBc positive patient samples, total DNA was isolated and amplified using nested PCR with primers specific to HBV polymerase, surface and pre-core/core regions, followed by Sanger sequencing and HBV mutational analysis using MEGA 7.0.

RESULTS

Of the total study subjects, 62.7% were female, median age 38.4 years, interquartile range (IQR): 18-68, and 208 (67.5%) had lifestyle risk factors for HBV acquisition. Two hundred and ninety-one study subjects were HIV+/HBsAg-, out of which 115 (39.5%) were positive for anti-HBc. Occult hepatitis B was detected in 19.1% (22/115) of anti-HBc positive HIV patients. HBV genotype D was the predominant genotype (81%) among OHB positive patients. Mutations associated with HBV drug resistance, HBV reactivation, and HCC risk were detected in 23% (5/22), 14% (3/22) and 45.5% (10/22) of patients, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This study found a high rate of occult hepatitis B in HIV patients. Further, high rates of mutations associated with HBV reactivation, drug resistance, and HCC risk were detected in these patients. These data highlighted the need for integrating OHB screening for proper management of liver diseases in HIV patients.

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Affiliation(s)

Nishi H. Patel Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Vanessa Meier-Stephenson Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Meaza Genetu Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Debasu Damtie Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States of America Global One Health LLC, Eastern African Regional Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Ebba Abate Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Shitaye Alemu School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Yetework Aleka Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Guido Van Marle Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Kevin Fonseca Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Carla S. Coffin Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Tekalign Deressa Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Meier-Stephenson V, Deressa T, Genetu M, Damtie D, Braun S, Fonseca K, Swain MG, van Marle G, Coffin CS. Prevalence and molecular characterization of occult hepatitis B virus in pregnant women from Gondar, Ethiopia. CANADIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2020;3:323-333. [PMID: 35990510 PMCID: PMC9202741 DOI: 10.3138/canlivj-2019-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]

Kardani K, Basimi P, Fekri M, Bolhassani A. Antiviral therapy for the sexually transmitted viruses: recent updates on vaccine development. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020;13:1001-1046. [PMID: 32838584 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1814743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]

Murt A, Elverdi T, Eskazan AE, Salihoglu A, Ar MC, Ongoren S, Baslar Z, Soysal T. Hepatitis B reactivation in hematopoietic stem cell transplanted patients: 20 years of experience of a single center from a middle endemic country. Ann Hematol 2020;99:2671-2677. [PMID: 32737632 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a risk factor for viral hepatitis reactivations because it affects lymphocyte number and functions. Latent hepatitis B virus (HBV) may stay in dormant form in hepatocytes and may be reactivated in prolonged immunosuppression. This study analyzes the incidence of reactivation of HBV infections in HSCT patients in a middle endemic country like Turkey. Five hundred and sixty-one HSCT patients from 1994 to 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Sixty-six patients had a serologic feature of HBV infection. Fifteen patients were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients (3 allogeneic and 12 autologous) while 51 of them were anti-hepatitis B core IgG (anti-HBc IgG)-positive patients (22 allogeneic and 29 autologous). Although under lamivudine prophylaxis, reactivation was seen in three of 12 (25%) chronic HBV (HBsAg positive) patients who received autologous HSCT and in two of the three HBsAg-positive patients who received allogeneic HSCT. Rate of reactivation in the whole HBsAg-positive group was 33%. Reactivation occurred on median 270th day (range: 60-730). Reverse seroconversion incidence was 10% on 133th day for HBsAg negative, but anti-HBc IgG-positive patients, which increased to 17% on 360th and to 23% on 1500th day. Cumulative incidence increased to 41% on 2280th day for isolated anti-HBc IgG-positive patients. Hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) were found to be protective as reactivation did not exceed 11% on 5050th day when anti-HBs was positive. When anti-HBc IgG-positive cases were analyzed according to their transplantation types, allogeneic HSCT was found to have higher cumulative incidence (45% on 3258th day) for HBV reactivation than autologous HSCT (7% on 5050th day). Besides, HBV reactivation in anti-HBc IgG-positive patients who received allogeneic transplantation was related to mortality. Findings of this study suggest that HBV prophylaxis extending over 1 year should be prescribed for HBsAg-positive patients independent of the transplantation type. Prophylaxis should also be given to anti-HBc IgG-positive patients if an allogeneic HSCT is to be performed.

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Wang H, Chen XL, Liu K, Bai D, Zhang WH, Chen XZ, Hu JK. Associations Between Gastric Cancer Risk and Virus Infection Other Than Epstein-Barr Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Epidemiological Studies. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020;11:e00201. [PMID: 32764207 PMCID: PMC7386361 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Hedayati-Moghaddam MR, Soltanian H, Behzadifar M. Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection Prevalence Among Different Populations of Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2020;20. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]

Abstract Context: Various frequency rates of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) are reported from different parts of Iran. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to characterize the OBI epidemiology in Iran and estimate the pooled prevalence among different populations. Evidence Acquisition: Nine international and Persian electronic databases, as well as some conference proceedings, were searched. Original cross-sectional studies up to December 2018 were included if they investigated the prevalence of OBI by the detection of serum hepatitis B virus surface antigen and hepatitis B virus nucleic acid in at least 30 samples selected with any sampling methods. Comprehensive meta-analysis software was used to analyze the data, and Cochran’s Q-test and I-square statistics were applied to assess the heterogeneity. Meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of the year of study on the OBI frequency. A P value < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance. Results: Of 412 citations found in electronic sources and 35 relevant citations added by searching the gray literature, 83 non-duplicated non-overlapping studies were evaluated. A total of 55 documents comprising 14,485 individuals from 16 provinces met the inclusion criteria and were used in the analysis. The prevalence of OBI considerably varied in different parts of the country with the highest prevalence (63.1%) reported among the HIV-positive population in Fars province. The rates of the OBI prevalence were estimated at 0.06% (95% CI: 0.02 - 0.16%) among blood donors (BDs) regardless of their anti-HBc status, 7.90% (95% CI: 4.33 - 13.99%) among anti-HBc positive BDs, 2.49% (95% CI: 1.2 - 4.81%) among hemodialysis (HD) patients, 4.44% (95% CI: 1.56 - 12.02%) among HIV-positive patients, and 7.76% (95% CI: 4.57 - 12.86%) among HCV-positive patients. No significant trends were observed in OBI prevalence rates among different groups over time (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This review revealed high rates of OBI prevalence among high-risk populations in Iran. It is strongly suggested that occult hepatitis B be investigated among populations with a high chance of its occurrence in our country. Collapse

El-Adly AM, Meshaal AK, Mekky MA, Hetta HF, Wardany AA, El-Shanawany AA. Diagnostic strategy for occult hepatitis B virus infection and its clinical implications among patients at Upper Egypt. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1740396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]

Ferrari C, Barili V, Varchetta S, Mondelli MU. Immune Mechanisms of Viral Clearance and Disease Pathogenesis During Viral Hepatitis. THE LIVER 2020:821-850. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119436812.ch63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]

Buzo BF, Ramos JF, Marques Rossetti RA, Salles N, Mendrone-Júnior A, Rocha V, de Seixas Santos Nastri AC. Hepatitis B virus among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: Antiviral impact in seroconversion, engraftment, and mortality in a Latin American center. Transpl Infect Dis 2020;22:e13243. [PMID: 31901206 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide concern with a broad distribution. In immunosuppressed populations, such as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, it can reactivate leading to acute hepatic failure. Different risk factors are known for higher rates of reactivation, and entecavir, tenofovir, and lamivudine are often used for prophylaxis and treatment. However, data regarding the impact of antiviral drugs in neutrophil and platelet engraftment are still unknown and concern the management of viral hepatitis post-HSCT.

METHODS

We performed a single-center, retrospective, observational study reviewing medical records of patients referred for hematopoietic stem cell transplant from 2010 to 2017, which were also HBV infected, aiming to describe outcomes related to antiviral treatment and also the impact on platelet and neutrophil recovery after transplant. A secondary goal consisted of analyzing the impact of HBV infection in early and late mortality post-HSCT. The study included patients with positive blood bank screening for hepatitis B infection (HBsAg, Anti-HBc or HBV-NAT), confirmed later on by a laboratory routine serology.

RESULTS

A total of 1132 hematopoietic stem cell recipients were assessed between 2010 and 2017. Eighty-six patients were confirmed to have HBV infection, of which six were HBsAg-positive, 20 were isolated anti-HBc-positive, and 60 had resolved infection (anti-HBc-positive and anti-HBs-positive). With regard to prophylaxis, 19 patients underwent HSCT on HBV antiviral therapy or prophylaxis: two were HBeAg-positive, three were HBeAg-negative and HBV-DNA was only detectable in three of them. Moreover, one patient had an occult HBV infection. Regarding therapy, 9 patients were on entecavir, 6 patients on lamivudine, two on tenofovir, and two of them on a combination of tenofovir + lamivudine due to HIV co-infection. Reverse seroconversion was not identified in any patients receiving antiviral therapy or prophylaxis, but it was detected in one patient with occult hepatitis B and another with resolved infection. No severe side effects led to therapy discontinuation in the treated group, which also did not have any significant delay in neutrophil or platelet engraftment when compared to patients without antiviral therapy. In addition, the only factors associated with increased mortality were transplant onset after 50 years, allogeneic transplant and myeloablative conditioning regimens. Interestingly, the presence of HBsAg or detectable HBV-DNA was not related to worse outcomes, neither the use of rituximab. In multivariate analysis, the use of antiviral therapy, the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease or CMV reactivation also was not linked to increased mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

To sum up, HBV serology, ALT, and HBV-DNA monitoring are essential to detect hepatic flares earlier, even in populations with chronic inactive hepatitis, due to the possibility of later seroconversion. HBV infection was not related to increased 2-year mortality post-transplant. Antiviral prophylaxis did not cause any important clinical or laboratory side effects that could demand discontinuation, and its use was not associated with later neutrophil and platelet engraftments.

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Ayana DA, Mulu A, Mihret A, Seyoum B, Aseffa A, Howe R. Hepatitis B virus seromarkers among HIV infected adults on ART: An unmet need for HBV screening in eastern Ethiopia. PLoS One 2019;14:e0226922. [PMID: 31887187 PMCID: PMC6936828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open