Clinical use of augmented reality, mixed reality, three-dimensional-navigation and artificial intelligence in liver surgery

Figure 1 The use of augmented reality during laparoscopic liver resection using a 3D passive polarizing display technique. The complete virtual three-dimensional model of the liver is visible on a second screen (right picture). On the main screen augmented reality is created (left picture). Citation: Prevost GA, Eigl B, Paolucci I, Rudolph T, Peterhans M, Weber S, Beldi G, Candinas D, Lachenmayer A, Efficiency, Accuracy and Clinical Applicability of a New Image-Guided Surgery System in 3D Laparoscopic Liver Surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 24(10): 2251-2258, Copyright © The Author(s) 2020, Published by Springer Nature[26].