Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 6, 2019; 7(19): 2930-2941
Published online Oct 6, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i19.2930
Expression and predictive value of miR-489 and miR-21 in melanoma metastasis
Hao Mo, Jian Guan, Zhen-Chao Yuan, Xiang Lin, Zhen-Jie Wu, Bin Liu, Ju-Liang He
Hao Mo, Jian Guan, Zhen-Chao Yuan, Xiang Lin, Zhen-Jie Wu, Bin Liu, Ju-Liang He, Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Author contributions: Mo H designed the research; Guan J and Yuan ZC performed the research; Lin X and Wu ZJ contributed new reagents and analytic tools; Liu B analyzed the data; He JL wrote the paper.
Institutional review board statement: The study was authorized by the Ethics Committee of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no competing interest.
Data sharing statement: All the data in the current research are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ju-Liang He, MD, Doctor, Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. hejuliang0@qq.com
Telephone: +86-18890207253 Fax: +86-771-4356262
Received: July 12, 2019
Peer-review started: July 17, 2019
First decision: August 2, 2019
Revised: August 9, 2019
Accepted: August 27, 2019
Article in press: August 27, 2019
Published online: October 6, 2019
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Melanoma is a highly malignant skin tumour, and is one of the most rapidly growing malignant tumors in recent years. According to statistics, the morbidity of cancer increases with age, accounting for 1.6% of new cancer cases and 0.6% of deaths worldwide. Melanoma has a serious impact on society and families, thus it is of great significance to find biological markers related to the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.

AIM

To explore the expression and predictive value of mir-489 and mir-21 in melanoma metastasis.

METHODS

A total of 60 patients with malignant melanoma treated at our hospital from June 2017 to December 2018 were selected as a research group, while 40 healthy subjects were selected as a control group. qRT-PCR technique was used to detect miR-489 and miR-21 in serum of the two groups. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value and diagnostic efficiency. Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. Logistic single- and multiple-factor analyses were performed to identify the risk factors related to melanoma metastasis.

RESULTS

The expression of miR-489 in the research group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). However, the expression of miR-21 in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The expression of miR-489 and miR-21 was related to TNM stage and metastasis (P < 0.001). In the diagnosis of melanoma patients, the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of miR-489 alone were 75.56%, 80.00%, and 0.852, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of miR-21 alone were 77.78%, 82.22%, and 0.844, respectively. MiR-489 was negatively correlated with TNM stage of melanoma (r = -0.612, P < 0.001), while miR-21 was positively correlated with TNM stage (r = 0.609, P < 0.001). Logistic single- and multiple-factor regression analyses showed that TNM stage, miR-489, and mir-21 were independent risk factors for malignant melanoma metastasis.

CONCLUSION

MiR-489 and miR-21 may participate in the process of melanoma occurrence, development, and metastasis, and can be used as potential serum biomarkers for melanoma metastasis diagnosis and disease assessment.

Keywords: MiR-489, MiR-21, Melanoma metastasis, Predictive value

Core tip: Metastasis of malignant melanoma may lead to severe infection. Due to the high missed diagnosis rate of melanoma metastasis in vivo and the limited treatment options for malignant melanoma metastasis at present, the disease recurrence rate is high. Improving diagnostic efficiency and understanding risk factors are very important for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma metastasis. We aimed to investigate the expression of miR-489 and miR-21 as well as their correlation and diagnostic value in melanoma of different clinicopathological features. We also compared the predictive value of miR-489 and miR-21 in melanoma metastasis.