Ambisense polarity of genome RNA of orthomyxoviruses and coronaviruses

Figure 1 The scheme of expression of the genome negative sense segment of influenza A virus. The negative sense (NS) segment of influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) virus is displayed. The horizontal arrows show the open reading frames (ORFs) of the negative strand protein 8, non-structural anti-interferon protein (NS1), and nuclear export protein (NEP). Numbers in brackets indicate the ORF translation phase. Numbers under the lines indicate nucleotide positions from the 5’ end of the virion genome RNA. The broken line shows the splicing segment of the NEP gene mRNA. Triangle in the virion RNA molecule shows a site position of possible translation frameshifting[10]. NS: Negative sense; NSP8: Negative strand protein 8; NS1: non-structural anti-interferon protein.