Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 5 Strength of evidence for a causal relationship between bullying victimization and adverse health or psychosocial problems

Strength of evidence	Adverse health or psychosocial problem
Convincing	Anxiety; depression; poor mental health; poor general health; non-suicidal self-injury; suicide attempts; suicide ideation
Probable	Tobacco use; illicit drug use
Possible	Alcohol use; psychotic symptoms; increased use of health services in females; lower academic achievement; social isolation; loneliness; psychosomatic symptoms, overweight and obesity
Insufficient	Binge eating; bulimia nervosa; borderline personality disorder; behavioural problems; carrying a weapon; general medication use; health services sought; poor financial and occupational functioning; psychotropic medication use; poor school functioning; sexual behavioural problems; poor life satisfaction