Infectious, atopic and inflammatory diseases, childhood adversities and familial aggregation are independently associated with the risk for mental disorders: Results from a large Swiss epidemiological study

Table 3 Mental disorders regressed on infectious, atopic and inflammatory diseases, odds-ratios and 95%CIs derived from logistic regression models with nested effects

		Model 1 Neurodevelopmental disorders	Model 2 Early anxiety disorders	Model 3 Late anxiety disorders	Model 4 Mood disorders	Model 5 Substance abuse/ dependence
Sex		0.41 (0.23-0.72)	0.79 (0.54-1.15)	1.08 (0.68-1.69)	1.56 (1.08-2.26)	0.34 (0.21-0.54)
Education level
Low		1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Medium		1.09 (0.79-1.49)	0.79 (0.65-0.98)	0.89 (0.70-1.13)	1.15 (0.96-1.38)	0.83 (0.64-1.08)
High		0.88 (0.62-1.25)	0.91 (0.73-1.14)	0.92 (0.71-1.20)	1.12 (0.92-1.36)	0.77 (0.59-1.01)
Familial aggregation of CMD		1.53 (1.06-2.21)	2.53 (2.14-3.00)	1.78 (1.36-2.33)	1.77 (1.52-2.06)	2.14 (1.60-2.86)
Trauma below age of 10		1.47 (0.86-2.50)	1.08 (0.73-1.58)	1.11 (0.73-1.71)	1.12 (0.76-1.64)	1.40 (0.86-2.27)
Childhood adversities		2.78 (2.12-3.65)	1.52 (1.26-1.83)	1.91 (1.55-2.36)	1.89 (1.59-2.25)	1.83 (1.46-2.29)
Streptococcal infections	Women nested	0.69 (0.29-1.67)	1.15 (0.76-1.73)	1.32 (0.84-2.07)	0.91 (0.60-1.36)	0.87 (0.42-1.82)
	Men nested	1.98 (1.08-3.66)	1.08 (0.60-1.92)	1.04 (0.51-2.09)	0.67 (0.40-1.12)	0.78 (0.44-1.39)
Mumps, measles, rubella	Women nested	1.16 (0.58-2.32)	1.46 (1.01-2.10)	1.81 (1.12-2.90)	0.97 (0.70-1.35)	1.62 (0.79-3.29)
	Men nested	1.47 (0.88-2.45)	1.29 (0.88-1.91)	0.96 (0.62-1.49)	1.12 (0.83-1.52)	1.04 (0.74-1.46)
Peptic ulcer/gastritis	Women nested	1.72 (0.88-3.34)	0.97 (0.63-1.49)	1.60 (1.02-2.51)	1.58 (1.02-2.46)	1.19 (0.61-2.35)
	Men nested	1.95 (1.08-3.53)	1.85 (1.13-3.05)	1.25 (0.67-2.35)	1.98 (1.26-3.09)	1.88 (1.18-2.99)
Irritable bowel syndrome	Women nested	1.23 (0.56-2.70)	1.48 (0.95-2.30)	1.60 (0.99-2.57)	2.25 (1.35-3.76)	1.63 (0.84-3.16)
	Men nested	1.74 (0.70-4.36)	3.15 (1.58-6.28)	1.97 (0.86-2.48)	1.33 (0.67-2.62)	1.80 (0.90-3.61)
Atopic diseases	Women nested	0.74 (0.48-1.12)	1.19 (0.96-1.47)	1.28 (0.99-1.66)	0.97 (0.79-1.18)	1.02 (0.69-1.49)
	Men nested	1.14 (0.80-1.61)	1.02 (0.77-1.34)	1.19 (0.86-1.66)	1.22 (0.97-1.53)	1.05 (0.81-1.35)
Acne	Women nested	0.75 (0.39-1.47)	0.94 (0.68-1.31)	0.82 (0.55-1.23)	0.90 (0.66-1.24)	0.74 (0.40-1.37)
	Men nested	0.92 (0.50-1.67)	1.47 (0.96-2.25)	1.52 (0.92-2.51)	1.96 (1.35-2.85)	1.74 (1.17-2.59)
Psoriasis	Women nested	0.84 (0.29-2.43)	1.05 (0.60-1.82)	1.48 (0.83-2.66)	2.02 (1.14-3.58)	1.70 (0.77-3.73)
	Men nested	1.44 (0.73-2.86)	2.02 (1.20-3.39)	0.60 (0.25-1.42)	1.33 (0.82-2.17)	1.30 (0.76-2.21)
Urinary tract infections	Women nested	1.68 (1.11-2.54)	1.44 (1.16-1.79)	0.94 (0.72-1.22)	1.47 (1.19-1.81)	1.30 (0.89-1.89)
	Men nested	1.26 (0.63-2.51)	0.99 (0.55-1.76)	2.13 (1.19-3.82)	1.63 (1.00-2.65)	1.04 (0.61-1.79)

CMD: Common mental disorders.