Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Table 1 Sensation/novelty seeking and psychopathology

Ref.	n	Trait-instrument	Main findings
Guillem et al[22]	52 schizophrenia outpatients 25 healthy subjects Alcohol/drug abuse was an exclusion criterion for controls	NS, TCI	Positive correlation between NS and the psychotic symptom dimension; lower NS scores in patients compared to controls
Boeker et al[23]	22 schizophrenia inpatients 22 healthy controls History of alcohol/drug abuse was an exclusion criterion	NS, TCI	NS was found not to be related to psychopathology. No differences in patients and controls
Ritsner et al[24]	107 schizophrenia outpatients Substance abuse was an exclusion criterion	NS, TPQ	Increased NS was associated with poor insight
Guillem et al[25]	44 male schizophrenia outpatients 22 healthy controls Alcohol/substance abuse was an exclusion criterion in both groups	NS, TCI	Higher NS levels in patients affected executive function; patients scored lower than controls on NS
Cortés et al[26]	47 inpatients with schizophrenia or other non-organic psychoses 47 relatives 188 controls	NS, TCI-R	NS was found not to be related to psychopathology. Moderate difference in patients and controls
Poustka et al[27]	41 outpatients with schizophrenia and related psychoses	NS, TCI	Several traits but not NS were found to be related to symptomatology
Song et al[28]	33 first-episode schizophrenia patients 50 ultra high risk subjects 120 healthy controls	NS, TCI	NS was not correlated to symptomatology; there were no significant difference in NS between groups

NS: Novelty seeking; TPQ: Tridimensional personality questionnaire; TCI: Temperament and character inventory; TCI-R: TCI revised.