Digital cognitive behavioral therapy as a novel treatment for insomnia

Table 2 Outcome variables: Short-term effects

Characteristic	Pre-test				Post-test				Time			Time × group
	Go/no-go group		Dot-probe group		Go/no-go group		Dot-probe group		F value	P value	η2	F value	P value	η2
	mean	SD	mean	SD	mean	SD	mean	SD
PSQI	10.3	2.8	11.3	2.2	8.4	1.8	10.1	2.9	34.5	< 0.001a	0.336	0.635	0.428	0.009
ISI	20.2	4.6	20.2	3.8	12.8	4.1	13.3	5.1	140.1	< 0.001a	0.667	0.377	0.541	0.005
DASS 1	7.3	4.0	6.6	3.8	5.1	3.8	4.4	2.9	97.4	< 0.001a	0.582	0.08	0.779	0.001
DASS 2	7.7	4.0	8.0	5.1	6.2	4.0	5.9	3.8	35.6	< 0.001a	0.337	0.62	0.434	0.009
DASS 3	10.1	5.2	9.8	5.2	7.0	4.2	6.3	4.3	55.7	< 0.001a	0.443	0.113	0.738	0.002
Sleep efficiency	88.0	4.1	88.9	5.6	90.6	4.8	87.4	9.9	0.3	0.585	0.004	5.17	0.026a	0.065

^aP < 0.05.

P values were obtained from repeated measures analysis of variance, with a between-subjects factor of group and a within-subjects factor of time. Effect sizes were estimated by partial eta squared (η²). PSQI: Pittsburgh sleep quality index; ISI: Insomnia severity index; DASS-21: Depression anxiety and stress scale.