Using the THINC-integrated tool to compare the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression

Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study cohorts, n (%)

Item	MDD (n = 75)	BD-D (n = 120)	HC (n = 100)	F/t	P value
Age (years)	33.5 ± 12.1	31.0 ± 11.3	31.6 ± 6.0	1.433	0.240
Gender				1.560	0.211
Male	18 (25.7)	40 (33.3)	23 (23.0)
Female	52 (74.3)	80 (66.7)	77 (77.0)
Years of education (years)	13.7 ± 2.1	14.2 ± 2.6	15.9 ± 3.6	13.798	< 0.001
Age at onset (years)	30.2 ± 12.4	23.6 ± 8.7		3.919	< 0.001
Disease duration (months)	44.5 ± 59.9	87.4 ± 91.1		-3.825	< 0.001
Number of hospitalizations	2.2 ± 1.6	6.0 ± 7.8		-4.826	< 0.001
HAMD scores	23.8 ± 7.1a,b	7.1 ± 8.3a,c	0.4 ± 1.2b,c	263.707	< 0.001
HAMA scores	14.6 ± 6.8a,b	5.3 ± 7.3a,c	0.3 ± 1.1b,c	115.718	< 0.001
PSQI scores	11.5 ± 0.5a,b	4.6 ± 0.3	3.9 ± 0.2b	148.702	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 for major depressive disorder (MDD) vs bipolar depression (BD-D).

^bP < 0.05 for MDD vs healthy controls (HC).

^cP < 0.05 for BD-D vs HC.

MDD: Major depressive disorder; HC: Healthy controls; HAMD: The Hamilton Depression Scale-17; BD-D: Bipolar depression; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale-14; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.