Mediating role of health literacy in the relationship between social isolation and psychological distress among pre-frail older adults

Table 4 Total, direct, and indirect effects of mediation analysis

Path	β	SE	95%LLCI	95%ULCI	Relative mediation effect
Total effect of X on Y	-0.415	0.058	-0.529	-0.300
Direct effect of X on Y	-0.341	0 .057	-0.453	-0.229	82.17%
Indirect effect (X→M→Y)	-0.074	0.030	-0.139	-0.025	17.83%

X = Social isolation; M = Health literacy; Y = Psychological distress; SE: The standard error of effects estimated; LLCI: The lower limit confidence interval of effects estimated; ULCI: The upper limit confidence interval of effects estimated.