Mental health and insomnia problems in healthcare workers after the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter cross-sectional study

Table 4 Factors associated with depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) of all included healthcare workers (n = 1412) by multivariate logistic regression

Variable	OR	95%CI	P value
Healthcare position
Doctors	Contract	-	-
Nurses	1.092	1.029-1.160	0.014a
Nonfrontline	0.958	0.898-1.021	0.244
Gender
Male	Contract	-	-
Female	1.148	1.085-1.214	< 0.001b
Clinical practice during COVID-19
Isolated care of COVID-19 contacts	Contract	-	-
Hospitalized care of infections	1.662	1.476-1.855	< 0.001b
None	0.924	0.752-1.136	0.48
Experience of families/friends
Hospitalization related to COVID-19	Contract	-	-
Death related to COVID-19	1.077	0.991-1.170	0.09
None	0.970	0.893-1.052	0.48

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

HCWs: Healthcare workers; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; OR: Odds ratio.