Alterations of sleep deprivation on brain function: A coordinate-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Sample size	Age (mean ± SD)	rs-fMRI scan	Field strength	Method	Differential brain region	Coordinate	Sample size	Quality
			Before	After
Dai et al[19], 2012	16	21.00	SW	SD 14 h	3.0 T	ReHo	7	MNI	4/1/1
Dai et al[20], 2012	15	22.00 ± 1.40	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	ReHo	8	MNI	4/1/1
Gao et al[21], 2015	16	22.10 ± 0.80	SW	SD	3.0 T	ALFF	9	MNI	4/1/1
Dai et al[22], 2015	12	24.83 ± 2.88	SW	SD 72 h	3.0 T	ALFF	1	MNI	4/1/1
Wang et al[23], 2016	16	24.51 ± 2.75	SW	SD	3.0 T	ALFF	5	MNI	4/1/1
Li et al[24], 2017	16	20.94 ± 1.73	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	ReHo	15	MNI	4/1/1
Li et al[25], 2017	28	23.94 ± 1.73	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	ReHo	13	MNI	4/1/1
Zhou et al[26], 2017	16	16.10 ± 0.90	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	ALFF	5	MNI	4/1/1
Robinson et al[27], 2018	18	14.40 ± 1.94	SW	SD	7.0 T	ReHo	10	MNI	4/1/1
Chen et al[28], 2018	22	26.901 ± 6.05	SW	SD	3.0 T	ALFF	7	MNI	4/1/1
Feng et al[29,30], 2018	35	21.89 ± 1.97	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	zALFF & zReHo & fALFF1	2 & 2 & 3	MNI	4/1/1
Guo et al[31], 2019	17	23.00 ± 1.37	SW	SD	-	ALFF	19	MNI	4/1/1
Nechifor et al[32], 2020	7	31.4 0 ± 5.70	SW	SD 36 h	3.0 T	fALFF	4	MNI	4/1/1
Qiu et al[33], 2021	13	28.32 ± 3.71	Control	SD	3.0 T	ReHo	8	MNI	4/1/1
Xu et al[34], 2021	54	22.46 ± 1.81	Control	SD	3.0 T	fALFF	13	MNI	4/1/1
Zeng et al[35], 2020	20	22.25 ± 1.12	SW	SD	3.0 T	perAF	5	MNI	4/1/1
Cai et al[36], 2021	42	21.57 ± 2.25	SW	SD 24 h	3.0 T	ALFF	7	MNI	4/1/1
Nechifor et al[37], 2022	7	34.40 ± 5.70	SW	SD 36 h	3.0 T	ReHo	1	MNI	4/1/1
Xin et al[38], 2022	54	22.46 ± 1.81	SW	SD	3.0 T	PerAF	5	MNI	4/1/1
Yan et al[39], 2023	20	20.00 ± 0.80	SW	SD	3.0 T	dALFF	30	MNI	4/1/1
Chen et al[40], 2023	19	21.79 ± 2.37	SW	SD	3.0 T	ReHo	1	MNI	4/1/1

¹The study of Feng et al[29,30] explored the same dataset using distinct methodologies.

ReHo: Regional homogeneity; ALFF: Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation; fALFF: Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation; MNI: Montreal Neurological Institute; SW: Sleep-wake; SD: Sleep deprivation.