Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Psychiatry. Dec 19, 2024; 14(12): 1854-1859
Published online Dec 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i12.1854
Table 3 Comparison of psychological health levels between the groups (mean ± SD, score)
GroupsOptimism
Hope
Self-efficacy
Psychological resilience
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Observation (n = 51)25.24 ± 3.6635.35 ± 2.61a25.19 ± 3.7536.46 ± 2.69a33.71 ± 2.5140.29 ± 3.51a32.30 ± 3.6140.26 ± 2.66a
Control (n = 51)25.31 ± 3.7231.84 ± 2.50a25.25 ± 3.7232.87 ± 2.65a33.39 ± 2.8137.82 ± 3.57a32.35 ± 3.5935.80 ± 2.61a
t0.0966.9360.0816.7900.6073.5230.0708.547
P value0.924< 0.0010.936< 0.0010.5460.0010.944< 0.001