Interaction between serum inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cognitive function among first-episode schizophrenia patients

Table 1 Comparison of clinical data and serum inflammatory cytokines and brain derived neurotrophic factor between the schizophrenia and healthy controls groups

Variable	SCZ group (84 cases)	HCs group (80 cases)	χ2/t value	P value
Sex, n (%)			0.216	0.642
Male	40 (48)	41 (51)
Female	44 (52)	49 (49)
Age (years, mean ± SD)	39.09 ± 10.24	40.35 ± 11.11	0.224	0.815
Education years (years, mean ± SD)	13.41 ± 3.35	14.54 ± 4.02	1.121	0.262
Smoking history, n (%)			0.081	0.776
Yes	28 (30)	25 (31)
No	56 (70)	55 (69)
Duration of illness (months, mean ± SD)	9.75 ± 3.42	NA	NA	NA
PANSS score (points, mean ± SD)
Positive symptom score	24.63 ± 1.71	NA	NA	NA
Negative symptom score	20.05 ± 2.09	NA	NA	NA
General pathology score	41.77 ± 2.06	NA	NA	NA
Total score	80.05 ± 4.28	NA	NA	NA
C-BCT cognitive function assessment scores for various dimensions (points, mean ± SD)
Information processing speed	32.95 ± 5.12a	47.58 ± 5.69	17.313	< 0.001
Attention	31.17 ± 7.47a	41.55 ± 7.76	12.073	< 0.001
Working memory	35.01 ± 7.18a	47.071 ± 1.16	8.271	< 0.001
Comprehensive + execution ability	32.31 ± 9.89a	47.30 ± 7.48	12.395	< 0.001
Levels of serum inflammatory factors and BDNF (pg/mL, mean ± SD)
IL-1β	37.08 ± 5.11a	26.95 ± 3.54	14.579	< 0.001
IL-4	30.85 ± 7.59	29.35 ± 4.13	1.558	0.121
IL-6	41.15 ± 5.92a	29.37 ± 7.58	11.104	< 0.001
IL-10	28.76 ± 9.51	26.43 ± 6.58	1.690	0.093
BDNF	1383.98 ± 315.33a	2692.42 ± 301.03	17.711	< 0.001

^aP < 0.001.

SCZ: Schizophrenia; HC: Healthy control; C-BCT: Chinese brief cognitive test; PNASS: Positive and negative symptom scale; BDNF: Brain derived neurotrophic factor; IL: Interleukin; NA: Not available.