Association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 to depression and blood-brain barrier penetration in cerebellar vascular disease

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients

Characteristics	All (n = 142)	Control (n = 62)	CSVD (n = 80)	P value
Age (years)	60.39 ± 6.84	58.71 ± 6.10	61.69 ± 7.13	0.008
Male, n (%)	61 (43.0)	28 (45.2)	33 (41.3)	0.641
Hypertension, n (%)	63 (44.4)	23 (37.1)	40 (50.0)	0.125
Diabetes, n (%)	19 (13.4)	5 (8.1)	14 (17.5)	0.101
Smoking, n (%)	40 (28.2)	16 (25.8)	24 (30.0)	0.582
Drinking, n (%)	56 (39.4)	23 (37.1)	33 (41.3)	0.615
ICAM-1 (ng/mL)	258.11 ± 62.78	272.85 ± 63.90	246.69 ± 59.83	0.013
VCAM-1 (ng/mL)	285.77 ± 59.99	286.11 ± 55.08	285.51 ± 63.88	0.953
HAMD	16.01 ± 6.50	11.39 ± 4.03	19.60 ± 5.74	< 0.001
MMSE	26.36 ± 3.14	27.35 ± 2.72	25.59 ± 3.24	0.001
MoCA-B	25.51 ± 2.67	26.37 ± 2.21	24.85 ± 2.81	< 0.001
CRP (mg/L)	2.65 ± 4.03	2.43 ± 3.97	2.81± 4.09	0.578

CSVD: Cerebral small vessel disease; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; HAMD: Hamilton depression scale; MMSE: Mini-mental state examination; MoCA-B: Montreal cognitive assessment basic; CRP: C-reactive protein.