Past, present, and future of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation: A review in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Table 5 Development of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease

Ref.	Method	Result	Adverse events	Study design	Significance
Avirame et al[65], 2016	10 Hz DTMS for PF stimulation	60%-70% of AD patients’ cognitive function was improved	Light headache and occasional tiredness	Case series study	DTMS led to preservation and even improvement of cognitive functions
Leocani et al[66], 2020	10 Hz DTMS	ADAS-cog at 4 and 8 wk compared with baseline was improved	Temporary headaches	Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study	DTMS was feasible and safe in patients with probable AD

ADAS-cog: Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive; AD: Alzheimer’s disease; DTMS: Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation; PF: Bilateral prefrontal regions.