Glutamate decarboxylase 1 gene polymorphisms are associated with respiratory symptoms in panic disorder

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with panic disorder and controls, n (%)

Variable	PD (n = 230)	Controls (n = 224)	t/χ2	P value
Sex
Male	92 (40.0)	100 (44.6)	1.002	0.317
Female	138 (60.0)	124 (55.4)
Age, yr	35.38 ± 9.55	36.57 ± 8.43	1.410	0.159
Educational level
< Junior high school	49 (21.3)	43 (19.2)
High school	95 (41.3)	92 (41.1)	0.412	0.814
College and above	86 (37.4)	89 (39.7)
Resident location
Urban	124 (53.9)	126 (56.3)
Rural	106 (46.1)	98 (43.7)	0.250	0.617
Total duration of PD, yr	2.80 ± 1.68
PDSS score	14.13 ± 3.74
HAMA score	22.07 ± 6.86

PDSS: Panic Disorder Severity Scale; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; PD: Panic disorder.