Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder

doi:10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141

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Apr 19, 2023 (publication date) through Jul 16, 2024

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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World J Psychiatry. Apr 19, 2023; 13(4): 141-148
Published online Apr 19, 2023. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141

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Figure 1 Tryptophan metabolism to serotonin and kynurenine metabolites. AA: Anthranilic acid; ALAAD: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase; ACMS: 2-amino-3-carboxymuconic acid-6-semialdehyde; FAMID: N-formylkynurenine formamidase; 3-HAA: 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid; 3HAAO: 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3,4-dioxygenase; 3-HK: 3-hydroxykynurenine; 5-HT: 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin); 5-HTP: 5-hydroxytryptophan; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; KA: Kynurenic acid; Kyn: Kynurenine; KAT: Kynurenine aminotransferase; KYNU: Kynureninase; KMO: Kynurenine monooxygenase (Kyn hydroxylase); NFK: N-formylkynurenine; QA: Quinolinic acid; Trp: Tryptophan; TDO: Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; XA: Xanthurenic acid; TPH2: Tryptophan hydroxylase isoform 2.

Citation: Badawy AAB, Dawood S, Bano S. Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13(4): 141-148
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v13/i4/141.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141