Evaluation of a culturally adapted cognitive behavior therapy-based, third-wave therapy manual

Table 6 Results of repeated measures analysis of covariance for outcome variables

Dependent variable	Covariate	Independent variable	Degrees of freedom	F value	P value	Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparisons
HADS depression	Gender	Timepoint (within subjects)	2, 42	0.158	0.855	Baseline (mean 11.77 SD 0.78) vs post-treatment (mean 7.75, SD 0.73), P = 0.003	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 7.55, SD 0.89), P < 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 1.0
		Employment (between subjects)	1, 21	9.788	0.005	Employed vs unemployed mean difference1 -3.96 (95%CI: -6.60 to -1.33); employed have lower mean score at all three time points
	Age	Timepoint (within subjects)	2, 42	0.595	0.556	Baseline (mean 11.85 SD 0.77) vs post-treatment (mean 7.78, SD 0.74), P = 0.002	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 7.62, SD 0.89), P < 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 1.0
		Employment (between subjects)	1, 21	11.266	0.003	Employed vs unemployed mean difference1 -4.33 (95% CI: -7.02 to -1.65); employed have lower mean score at all three time points
HADS Anxiety	Gender	Timepoint (within subjects)	2, 44	0.014	0.986	Baseline (mean 14.54 SD 0.77) vs post-treatment (mean 10.33, SD 0.75), P < 0.001	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 10.38, SD 0.86), P < 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 1.0
WHO disability scale total	Gender	Timepoint (within subjects)	1.24, 22.382	0.3542	0.7042	Baseline (mean 85.32 SD 8.72) vs post-treatment (mean 65.83, SD 7.42), P = 0.143	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 53.59, SD 8.26), P = 0.014	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.016
		Living alone (between subjects)	1, 18	8.288	0.010	Living alone vs with someone mean difference1 37.82 (95%CI: 10.22 to 65.42); living alone have higher score at all three timepoints
		Employment (between subjects)	1, 18	10.674	0.004	Employed vs unemployed mean difference1 -30.52 (95%CI: -50.14 to -10.89); employed have lower mean score at all three time points
	Age	Timepoint (within subjects)	1.25, 22.412	3.6312	0.0622	Baseline (mean 84.69 SD 8.62) vs post-treatment (mean 65.47, SD 6.89), P = 0.138	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 53.30 SD 7.41), P = 0.011	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.013
		Living alone (between subjects)	1, 18	8.167	0.010	Living alone vs with someone mean difference1 34.92 (95%CI: 9.25 to 60.59); living alone have higher score at all three timepoints
		Employment (between subjects)	1, 18	14.555	0.001	Employed vs unemployed mean difference1 -35.13 (95%CI: -54.47 to -15.78); employed have lower mean score at all three time points
	Higher Education	Timepoint (within subjects)	1.22, 20.782	3.5062	0.0682	Baseline (mean 84.60 SD 8.89) vs post-treatment (mean 65.38, SD 7.64), P = 0.165	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 52.48, SD 8.31), P = 0.014	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.008
		Living alone (between subjects)	1, 17	7.318	0.015	Living alone vs with someone mean difference1 36.75 (95%CI: 8.09 to 65.41); living alone have higher score at all three timepoints
		Employment (between subjects)	1, 17	10.370	0.005	Employed vs unemployed mean difference1 -31.02 (95%CI: -51.34 to -10.70); employed have lower mean score at all three time points
CORE total	Gender	Timepoint	1.47, 32.302	0.0282	0.9382	Baseline (mean 73.88, SD 4.56) vs post-treatment (mean 47.42, SD 5.11), P < 0.001	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 48.04, SD 5.25), P < 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 1.0
	Age	Timepoint	1.47, 32.232	0.9752	0.3642	Baseline (mean 73.88, SD 4.48) vs post-treatment (mean 47.42, SD 4.95), P < 0.001	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 48.04, SD 5.15), P < 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 1.0
BSI total	Age	Timepoint	2, 46	0.285	0.753	Baseline (mean 22.64, SD 2.06) vs post-treatment (mean 18.60, SD 2.06), P = 0.041	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 16.60, SD 2.09), P = 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.406
	Gender	Timepoint	2, 46	1.027	0.366	Baseline (mean 22.64, SD 2.03) vs post-treatment (mean 18.60, SD 2.09), P = 0.026	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 16.60, SD 2.07), P = 0.001	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.411
	Higher education	Timepoint	2, 44	2.811	0.071	Baseline (mean 22.58, SD 2.19) vs post-treatment (mean 18.21, SD 2.15), P = 0.028	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 16.75, SD 2.11), P = 0.003	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.661
	Marital status	Timepoint	2, 46	3.146	0.052	Baseline (mean 22.64, SD 2.05) vs post-treatment (mean 18.60, SD 2.08), P = 0.040	Baseline vs follow-up (mean 16.60, SD 2.08), P = 0.002	Post treatment vs follow-up, P = 0.434

¹This is the difference in average means across all three time-points.

²Greenhouse-Geisser value given due to significant Mauchly’s test of sphericity.

CI: Confidence interval; NA: Not available; WHO: World Health Organization; CORE: Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; BSI: Bradford Somatic Inventory.