Clinical high-risk criteria of psychosis in 8–17-year-old community subjects and inpatients not suspected of developing psychosis

Table 5 Frequency of criteria-relevant basic symptoms in the four diagnostic subsamples and the community sample (n = 539)

	ED (n = 97)	ADHD (n = 86)	AnxD and OCD (n = 94)	ASS (n = 29)	Community subjects (n = 233)	χ² test; Cramer’s V
Inability to divide attention: n (%)	1 (1.0)	0	2 (2.1)	0	0	χ² (4) = 6.534; P = 0.163, V = 0.101
Captivation of attention: n (%)	0	0	1 (1.1)	2 (6.9)	4 (1.7)	χ² (4) = 9.855; aP = 0.043, V = 0.135
Disturbance of abstract thinking1: n (%)	0	0	0	0	2 (1.3)	χ² (4) = 3.129; P = 0.536, V = 0.088
Disturbance of expressive speech: n (%)	5 (5.2)	3 (3.5)	5 (5.3)	2 (6.9)	15 (5.6)	χ² (4) = 0.752; P = 0.945, V = 0.037
Disturbance of receptive speech: n (%)	1 (1.0)	1 (1.2)	3 (3.2)	0	1 (0.4)	χ² (4) = 5.013; P = 0.286, V = 0.096
Thought interference: n (%)	2 (2.0)	1 (1.2)	3 (3.2)	3 (10.3)	5 (2.1)	χ² (4) = 8.009; P = 0.091, V = 0.122
Thought blockages1: n (%)	9 (10.0)	5 (11.1)	8 (9.2)	2 (9.1)	13 (8.3)	χ² (4) = 0.403; P = 0.982, V = 0.032
Thought pressure: n (%)	8 (8.2)	4 (4.7)	11 (11.7)	3 (10.3)	7 (3.0)	χ² (4) = 11.019; aP = 0.026, V = 0.143
Unstable ideas of reference: n (%)	3 (3.1)	0	1 (1.1)	0	1 (0.4)	χ² (4) = 6.673; P = 0.154, V = 0.111
Thought perseveration: n (%)	0	2 (2.3)	3 (3.2)	1 (3.4)	3 (1.3)	χ² (4) = 3.964; P = 0.411, V = 0.086
Impaired discrimination between true memories and phantasy: n (%)	1 (1.0)	1 (1.2)	6 (6.4)	0	7 (3.0)	χ² (4) = 7.310; P = 0.120, V = 0.116
Derealization: n (%)	17 (17.5)	2 (2.3)	14 (14.9)	2 (6.9)	6 (2.6)	χ² (4) = 32.380; cP < 0.001, V = 0.245
Visual perception disturbances: n (%)	13 (13.4)	7 (8.1)	10 (10.6)	5 (17.2)	11 (4.7)	χ² (4) = 10.652; aP = 0.031, V = 0.141
Acoustic perception disturbances: n (%)	12 (12.4)	6 (7.1)	10 (10.6)	2 (6.9)	17 (7.3)	χ² (4) = 3.063; P = 0.547, V = 0.075

¹Assessable only from age of 13 years onwards, thus only calculated on n = 404. ED: Eating disorder; ADHD: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; AnxD and OCD: anxiety disorder, including obsessive-compulsive disorder; ASS: Asperger’s syndrome. In bold, cells with standardized residuals ≥ |1.96|. This equals significant deviation from the expected cell frequency. V: Cramer’s V: 0.1 = weak effect; 0.3 = moderate effect; 0.5 = strong effect.