Thinking about worry: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the assessment of metacognitions in children and adolescents

Table 2 Extracted correlational coefficient on measures of positive beliefs about worry/negative beliefs about worry and worry/anxiety

Ref.	Worry		Anxiety		POS	Age
	POS	NEG	POS	NEG	NEG	POS	NEG
Babaei et al[55]	-	-	-0.053	-0.303b	0.21b	-	-
Bacow et al[27]	-	-	-	-	-	NA	NA
Bacow et al[28]	0.21a	0.55b	-	-	-	-	-
Benedetto et al[64]	0.23b	0.70b	0.29b	0.65b	0.30b
Benedetto et al[49], study1	-	-	0.203,a; 0.014	0.563,b; 0.484,b	0.173; 0.314,b	-	-
Benedetto et al[49], study2	-	-	-0.681,a; 0.382	0.561,a; 0.422	-0.411; 0.692,b	-	-
Boysan et al[92]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Carr and Szabó[72]	0.35c	-	-	-	-	0.02	-
Cartwright-Hatton et al[53]	-	-	0.32c	0.67c	-	-	-
Donovan et al[80]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Donovan et al[65]	0.22a	0.72b	-	-	0.20a	-	-
Ellis and Hudson[24]	0.49b	0.84b	0.46b	0.72b	-	0.16	0.16
Esbjørn et al[23], study1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Esbjørn et al[23], study2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Esbjørn et al[93]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Esbjørn et al[66]	0.25c	0.31c	0.17c	0.55c	0.25c	-	-
Esbjørn et al[56]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Fergus and Limbers[57]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Fisak et al[73]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Francis et al[50]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Francis et al[51]	0.39b	0.69b	-	-	0.31b	-	-
Gallagher and Cartwright-Hatton[94]			-	-	-	-	-
Gini et al[67]	0.32c	0.65c	0.22c	0.60c	0.16c	-	-
Hearn et al[25]	0.16	0.50b	0.02	0.39b	0.08	-	-
Hearn et al[74]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hearn et al[26]	0.02	0.48b	0.01	0.36b	-	-	-
Holmes et al[59]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Holmes et al[58]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Irak[78]	-	-	0.194c	0.412c	-	-	-
Kertz and Woodruff-Borden[75]	0.14 (P)	0.53c (P)	-	-	-	-	-
Laugesen et al[71]	0.37c (P)	-	-	-	-	-	-
Lønfeldt et al[76]	-	-	0.31b	0.57b	0.30b	0.10	0.06
Lønfeldt et al[77]	-	-	0.19a	0.58a	0.23c	-0.01	-0.08a
Mather and Cartwright-Hatton[95]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Matthews et al[81]	-	-	-	-	0.47a	-0.05	-0.18b
Naumann[68]	0.20b	0.63b	0.20b	0.55b	0.07	-	-
Normann et al[60]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Reinholdt-Dunne et al[79]	-	-	0.091; 0.362,b	0.621,b; 0.682,b	0.051; 0.292,b	0.101; -0.102	01; 02
Sanger and Dorjee[61]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Simons and Vloet[62]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Smith and Hudson[52]	-	-	0.30b	0.47b	0.36b	-	-
Thorslund et al[63]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
White and Hudson[30]	0.08	0.65b	0.20b	0.56b	0.27a	0.06	0.07
Wilson et al[82]	0.35b	0.74b	0.19	0.51a	NA	< 0.16	< 0.16
Wilson and Hall[69]	0.33c	0.51c	-	-	0.29c	-	-
Wilson and Hughes[70]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yavuz et al[96]	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Zimmermann et al[54]	-	-	0.22b	0.57b	-	0.16a	0.12

¹Clinical group.

²Non-clinical group.

³Female subsample.

⁴Male subsample.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

NA: Not available; POS: Positive beliefs about worry; NEG: Negative beliefs about worry; (P): Partial correlation.