Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk reduction for cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia: A controversial but promising approach

Table 1 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cardiovascular risk in patients with schizophrenia

Ref.	SSRI studied	Number of patients	Sex	Average age	Duration	Metabolic parameters
Hinze-Selch et al[41], 2000	Fluvoxamine1	23	M: 11 F: 12	32 ± 151	6 wk	BW, BMI, Leptin
Lu et al[42], 2004	Fluvoxamine1	68	M: 20 F: 48	32.9 ± 8.51	12 wk	BW, BMI, Glucose, Total Cholesterol, TG
Fjukstad et al[45], 2016	Escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline, fluoxetine and paroxetine	8682	M: 697 F: 604	31.7 ± 10.6	Cross sectional study	Total Cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, WC, SBP, DBP, BMI, Glucose
Lu et al[44], 2018	Fluvoxamine1	85	M: 61 F: 24	43.6 ± 8.1	12 wk	SBP, DBP, BW, WC, Insulin, FPG, Uric Acid, Total Cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, HOMA-IR
Fjukstad et al[46], 20183	Escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline, fluoxetine and paroxetine	8682	M: 697 F: 604	31.7 ± 10.6	Cross sectional study	Total Cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, WC, SBP, DBP, BMI, Glucose

¹In combination with clozapine.

²the authors also included 433 individuals with bipolar disorder.

³The authors studied SSRIs combined with olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone.

SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; BW: Body weight; BMI: Body mass index; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.