Child abuse and psychopathy: Interplay, gender differences and biological correlates

Table 3 Trauma and psychopathy in a non-forensic sample of 1169 subjects

Ref.	Sample (women, %)	Tests	Significant association in men	Significant association in women
Blonigen et al[25], 2012	226 (100)	PTE-PCL-R	/	Total score (AF)
Farina et al[24], 2018	976(19.98); P:253 (45); M:723 (13)	MAYSI-2+ CTQ- YPI +PPI-SF	PA, EA	PA, EA
Hicks et al[26], 2011	140 (100); 31 Pr, 39 Sc	I-PCL-R	/	PA (Sc); SA (Pr19)
Krischer et al[23], 2008	283 (47.43)	CTQ- PCL:YV	PA (total score, AFC and AF); EA (AF)	EN (related with AF)
Lansing et al[22], 2018	107 (52.23)	CTQ- YPI	NS	EA
Sevecke et al[21], 2016	341(50.14)	CTQ - PCL:YV	PA (related to AF and IF)	PA (related to AF)
Thomson et al[20], 2019	573 (35.60)	LPA + AQ - PCL-SV	PAG (affective facet of psychopathy); LAT related to PAG in history of PA	PAG (related to AF); HAT related to PAG; in history of PA; VA4 (related to ANF5)
Watts et al[19], 2017	1169 (73)	CTQ - LPS	Child abuse (more frequent in male)	EA, SA (more frequent in female)

LPS: Levenson self-report psychopathy scale; HAT: High affective trait; PAG: Physical aggression; VA: Verbal aggression; ANF: Antisocial factor of psychopathy; LPA: Lifetime physical abuse; AQ: Aggression questionnaire; LAT: Low affective trait; AF: Antisocial factor of psychopathy; IF: Interpersonal factor of psychopathy; YPI: Youth Psychopathic Trait Inventory; AFC: Affective factor of psychopathy; MAYSI-2: Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 Traumatic Experiences Scale; PPI-SF: Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Short Form; P: Pennsylvania; M: Missouri; PTE: Potentially traumatic events; I: Interview, interview, prison file, and responses on the life events checklis; Pr: Primary psychopaths; Sc: Secondary psychopaths.