Comparison of novel tools with traditional cognitive tests in detecting delirium in elderly medical patients

Table 3 Accuracy of conventional bedside tests of cognition for delirium diagnosis in the overall population (n = 180) and for those with dementia (n = 90)

	Sensitivity (95%CI)	Specificity (95%CI)	Positive predictive value (95%CI)	Negative predictive value (95%CI)	Overall accuracy (95%CI)
Overall population (n = 180)
WORLD	89.4% (81.9–94.6)	40.8% (29.7–52.7)	67.4% (62.9-71.6)	73.8% (60.2-84.0)	68.9% (61.6-75.6)
MBT	80.8% (71.9-87.4)	71.1% (59.5-80.9)	79.3% (72.6-84.6)	73.0% (64.0-80.4)	76.7% (69.8-82.6)
SSF	75.0% (65.6-83.0)	55.3% (43.4-67.0)	69.6% (64.0-75.1)	61.8% (52.3-70.5)	66.7% (59.3-73.5)
SSB	77.9% (68.7-85.4)	57.9% (46.0-69.1)	71.7% (65.6-77.1)	65.7% (56.0-74.2)	69.4% (62.2-76.1)
Vigilance A	75.0% (65.6-83.0)	81.6% (71.0-89.6)	84.8% (77.4-90.1)	70.5% (62.7-77.2)	77.8% (71.0-83.6)
Vigilance B	94.2% (87.9-97.9)	56.6% (44.7-67.9)	74.8% (69.6-79.4)	87.8% (76.3-94.1)	78.3% (71.6-84.1)
GVS	76.9% (67.6-84.6)	63.2% (51.3-73.9)	74.1% (67.6-79.6)	66.7% (57.5-74.7)	71.1% (63.9-77.6)
CDT	72.1% (62.5-80.5)	64.5% (52.7-75.1)	73.5% (66.7-79.4)	62.8% (54.3-70.6)	68.9% (61.6-75.6)
IPT	70.2% (60.4-78.8)	73.7% (62.3-83.1)	78.5% (71.1-84.4)	64.4% (56.6-71.4)	71.7% (64.5-78.1)
Dementia population (n = 90)
WORLD	91.7% (81.6-97.2)	20.0% (7.7-38.6)	69.6% (65.4-73.6)	54.6% (28.5-78.3)	67.8% (57.1-77.3)
MBT	86.7% (75.4-94.1)	66.7% (47.2-82.7)	83.9% (75.6-89.7)	71.4% (55.6-83.3)	80.0% (70.3-87.7)
SSF	80.0% (67.7-89.2)	43.3% (25.5-62.6)	73.9% (66.8-79.8)	52.0% (36.1-67.5)	67.8% (57.1-77.3)
SSB	86.7% (75.4-94.1)	50.0% (31.3-68.7)	77.6% (70.5-83.4)	65.2% (47.3-79.7)	74.4% (64.2-83.1)
Vigilance A	83.3% (71.5-91.7)	76.7% (57.7-90.1)	87.7% (78.1-93.2)	69.7% (55.8-80.7)	81.1% (71.5-88.6)
Vigilance B	95.0% (86.1-99.0)	43.3% (25.5-62.6)	77.0% (70.9-82.2)	81.3% (57.2-93.4)	77.8% (67.8-85.9)
GVS	75.0% (62.1-85.3)	40.0% (22.7-59.4)	71.4% ( 64.3-77.6)	44.4% (30.1-59.8)	63.3% (52.5-73.3)
CDT	78.3% (65.8-87.9)	46.7% (28.3 -65.7)	74.6% (67.2-80.8)	51.9% (36.8-66.6)	67.8% (57.1-77.3)
IPT	76.7% (64.0-86.6)	60.0% (40.6-77.3)	79.3% (70.8-85.9)	56.3% (42.7-68.9)	71.1% (60.6-80.2)

MBT: Months Backward test; SSF: Spatial span forwards; SSB: Spatial span backwards; GVS: Global assessment of visuospatial abilities; CDT: Clock Drawing test; IPT: Intersecting Pentagons test.