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©2013 Baishideng.
Figure 1 Oxidative stress mediated dysmetabolisms in diabetic retinopathy.
AR: Aldose reductase; SDH: Sorbitol dehydrogenase; GSH: Glutathione; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; AGEs: Advanced glycation end product; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; NF-κB: Nuclear factor κB; PKC: Protein kinase C; DAE: Diacylglycerol; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; DGF-1: Dispersed gene family-1; TFG-β: Transforming growth factor-β; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; GSSG: Oxidant glutathione; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor-1; MnSOD: Manganese superoxide dismutase. Reproduced with permission from[200].
- Citation: Adelli GR, Srirangam R, Majumdar S. Phytochemicals in ocular health: Therapeutic potential and delivery challenges. World J Pharmacol 2013; 2(1): 18-34
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3192/full/v2/i1/18.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v2.i1.18