Kidney and cardiovascular risk in primary hypertension

Figure 2 Changes in albuminuria translate into parallel changes in cardiovascular risk. In the LIFE study (left) and in the ONTARGET study the incidence of cardiovascular events was significantly greater in patients showing increases in urine albumin excretion over time as compared to those who showed reduction or no change. Modified from Ibsen et al[17] and Schmieder et al[21]. LIFE: The Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertensionstudy.