Mechanical circulatory support in lung transplantation: Cardiopulmonary bypass, extracorporeal life support, and ex-vivo lung perfusion

Figure 1 Cardiopulmonary bypass circuit is an open circuit in which venous blood drains into the venous reservoir by gravity (40-70 cm below the level of the heart) or siphonage. Cardiopulmonary bypass circuit is considered an open circuit: blood from the cardiotomy reservoir, blood transfusions, or other fluids may be added into the circuit. Blood then passes through an oxygenator or gas-exchanger and is returned to the arterial system by utilizing a roller or centrifugal pump[8]. Figure from Machin et al[8], with permission of Oxford University Press.