Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Recent progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

Table 3 Poor prognostic factors in Epstein-Barr virus-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis[34]

Persistent increase of cell-free EBV genome copies

Chromosome abnormality

Correlation with chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV)1

In association with primary HLH

Severe organ dysfunction, such as renal failure, CNS hemorrhage

Choice of treatment, such as timing of etoposide use, HSCT

¹CAEBV is often associated with 1 and 2 of the above. CNS: Central nervous system; HSCT: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; HLH: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.