Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and associated viral hepatitis in hematological diseases

Figure 1 Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and dynamic immunity in hepatitis B virus infection. This illustration summarizes the dynamic changes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and immune responses during HBV reactivation. Notably, the viral-specific T-cell immunity before and after the administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) depends on the carrier status, that is, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)⁺ carrier or resolved HBV (anti-HBc⁺/HBsAg^-, anti-HBs⁺ or ^-) status. HBV prophylaxis should be considered to maintain low level of HBV replication and prevent HBV-specific T-cell-mediated liver damage. The prophylaxis should be maintained for at least 6 mo after anti-CD20 mAb when HBV-specific T-cell immunity recovers.