Practical diastology

Figure 2 Left ventricle diastolic dysfunction algorithm. LV diastolic function is classified using pulsed wave Doppler of the TMF, PVF and tissue Doppler examination of MAV. Patients with a pacemaker, atrial fibrillation, non-sinus rhythm, mitral stenosis, severe mitral and aortic regurgitation are excluded from analysis. ¹Normal Em is within an 8-12.5 cm/s interval. A: Peak late diastolic TMF velocity; Am: Peak late diastolic MAV; D: Peak diastolic PVF velocity; DD: Diastolic dysfunction; E: Peak early diastolic TMF velocity; Em: Peak early diastolic MAV; LV: Left ventricle; MAV: Mitral annular velocity; PVF: Pulmonary venous flow; S: Peak systolic PVF velocity; TMF: Transmitral flow. With permission of Informa Healthcare adapt from reference[36].