Advancements in prenatal diagnosis and management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: A multidisciplinary approach and future directions

Figure 4 Multimodal visualization of hypoplastic left heart syndrome[36]. Adapted under authorization from Sandrini et al[36]. Citation: Sandrini C, Rossetti L, Zambelli V, Zanarotti R, Bettinazzi F, Soldá R, Di Pace C, Hoxha S, Ribichini FL, Faggian G, Lombardi C, Luciani GB. Accuracy of Micro-Computed Tomography in Post-mortem Evaluation of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease. Comparison Between Post-mortem Micro-CT and Conventional Autopsy. Front Pediatr 2019; 7: 92 Copyright© 2025 published by Frontiers Media S.A. A: Prenatal fetal echocardiography: Four chamber view showing hypoplastic/atretic mitral valve and hypoplastic left ventricle; B: Post-mortem micro-computed tomograph: Short axis view at the level of the ventricle comparing right ventricle with hypoplastic left ventricle; C: Post-mortem micro-computed tomograph: Four chamber view showing the hypoplastic left ventricle; D: Conventional autopsy: Four chamber view showing hypoplastic left ventricle; Arrows: the hypoplastic left ventricle.