Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2017; 8(4): 165-171
Published online Apr 15, 2017. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i4.165
KMAP-O framework for care management research of patients with type 2 diabetes
Thomas T H Wan, Amanda Terry, Bobbie McKee, Waleed Kattan
Thomas T H Wan, Bobbie McKee, Waleed Kattan, College of Health and Public Affairs, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-3680, United States
Amanda Terry, Florida Hospital Creation Health Research Center, Orlando, FL 32804, United States
Author contributions: Wan TTH drafted the conceptual model with causal specifications; Terry A led a review team to conduct the review of scientific literature; McKee B was responsible for editing and refining the paper; Kattan W provided clinical inputs and refined the paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No conflict of interest was involved with the research team.
Data sharing statement: None.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Thomas TH Wan, PhD, MHS, Professor and Associate Dean for Research, College of Health and Public Affairs, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 163680, Orlando, Florida 32816-3680, United States. thomas.wan@ucf.edu
Telephone: +1-407-8233678 Fax: +1-407-8230822
Received: October 5, 2016
Peer-review started: October 6, 2016
First decision: January 16, 2017
Revised: January 24, 2017
Accepted: February 18, 2017
Article in press: February 20, 2017
Published online: April 15, 2017
Abstract
AIM

To review impacts of interventions involving self-management education, health coaching, and motivational interviewing for type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

A thorough review of the scientific literature on diabetes care and management was executed by a research team.

RESULTS

This article summarizes important findings in regard to the validity of developing a comprehensive behavioral system as a framework for empirical investigation. The behavioral system framework consists of patients’ knowledge (K), motivation (M), attitude (A), and practice (P) as predictor variables for diabetes care outcomes (O). Care management strategies or health education programs serve as the intervention variable that directly influences K, M, A, and P and then indirectly affects the variability in patient care outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSION

This review contributes to the understanding of the KMAP-O framework and how it can guide the care management of patients with type 2 diabetes. It will allow the tailoring of interventions to be more effective through knowledge enhancement, increased motivation, attitudinal changes, and improved preventive practice to reduce the progression of type 2 diabetes and comorbidities. Furthermore, the use of health information technology for enhancing changes in KMAP and communications is advocated in health promotion and development.

Keywords: KMAP-O framework, Type 2 diabetes, Behavioral intervention strategies, Causal mechanisms

Core tip: A complex set of behavioral and cognitive variables related to diabetes care may influence adherence and self-care practice of patients with type 2 diabetes. This systematic review is guided by a behavioral system framework. Care management strategies or health education programs serve as intervention variables that may directly influence a patient’s knowledge, motivation and attitude, self-care practice, and outcomes. This review summarizes key findings in regard to the validity of developing a comprehensive behavioral system as a framework for future empirical investigation.