Utility of endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopy in diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma and its complications: What does endoscopic ultrasonography offer above and beyond conventional cross-sectional imaging?

Figure 4 Other novel uses of endoscopic ultrasonography and cholangioscopy in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and management. A: HCC EUS guided Brachytherapy: Radioactive seeds loaded and deployed with endoscopic ultrasound, similar to fiducial placement, as an alternative to transarterial chemo-embolization therapy; B, C and D: Patient with choledochal cyst, found to have ectopic HCC, diagnosed with digital cholangioscopy and biopsies[122].