Role of nanotopography in the development of tissue engineered 3D organs and tissues using mesenchymal stem cells

Figure 3 Comparison of different topography strategies employed to investigate the effects of anisotropic vs isotropic cytoskeletal tension on cultured mesenchymal stem cells. (A) nonpatterned substrates caused randomly oriented cell protrusions to be formed, while (B) alignment of elaborated processes in the direction of the grooves were induced by micropatterned surfaces, mimicking the native structure and orientation of the natural extracellular matrix proteins[52].