Advances in refractory ulcerative colitis treatment: A new therapeutic target, Annexin A2

Figure 2 Putative model of ADAM17-cleaved shedding of tumor necrosis factor-α or epidermal growth factor receptor ligands through annexins. Quoted and adapted from Ford et al[14]. A: Highly expressed ANX A2 (grey) binds to and activates ADAM17 (green) and, as a consequence, ANX A2 promotes ADAM 17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TNF-α (pink). In parallel, the levels of ANX A8 and 9 are regulated so that they are maintained at a low level; B: Highly expressed ANX A8 and A9 (orange) subsequently bind to and activate ADAM17; as a consequence, ANX A8 and A9 promote ADAM 17-mediated ectodomain shedding of EGFR ligands. In parallel, levels of ANX A2 are regulated so that low levels are maintained. TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; ANX: Annexin; IL: Interleukin; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor.