Applications of human hepatitis B virus preS domain in bio- and nanotechnology

Figure 2 Scheme of the preS domain (preS1 + preS2) and PreS1 sequence. A: Schematic representation of the preS domain containing HBV attachment sites, antibody-binding sites, and sites for virion formation (modified from Ref.[7]). The receptor-binding sites are important in hepatitis B virus (HBV) attachment and entry, and the antibody-binding sites for developing preS1-specific antibodies and HBV vaccines; B: PreS1 sequence (aa 1-50) in different HBV genotypes (A-H), obtained from ref.[12]. The essential residues for receptor binding (aa 9-18) are very similar in genotypes A-H (gray).