Galactosylated chitosan/5-fluorouracil nanoparticles inhibit mouse hepatic cancer growth and its side effects

Figure 7 Expression of p53, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and poly adenosine 50-diphosphate-ribose polymerase 1 in the tumor tissues from mice with different treatments. A: Quantification of p53 and caspase-3 expression as detected by immunohistochemistry and shown pictorially in Figures 6 and 7; B: mRNA levels of p53 and caspase-3 in individual tissues was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); C: Poly adenosine 50-diphosphate-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) expression in individual tumor samples was determined by both RT-PCR and western blot analysis; results were normalized to GAPDH; D: Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was quantified by both RT-PCR and Western blotting; the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was shown. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs control group; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 vs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group. GC: Galactosylated chitosan.