High resolution impedance manometric findings in dysphagia of Huntington’s disease

Figure 1 High resolution impedance manometry findings using the standard protocol. A: Liquid swallowing at admission reveals high amplitude, simultaneous contractions of esophageal body with incomplete lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, and incomplete bolus transit; B: Viscous swallowing at admission demonstrates higher amplitude, repetitive contractions and incomplete bolus transit; C: After injection of botulinum toxin, the isocontour of impedance shows considerably improved bolus transit compared with those at admission during saline swallows (Figure 1A), but spasms are still seen on the isocontour of manometry.