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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 7, 2014; 20(29): 9716-9731
Published online Aug 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9716
Published online Aug 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9716
Inflammatory pathways in the early steps of colorectal cancer development
Francesco Mariani, Luca Roncucci, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Paola Sena, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
Author contributions: Mariani F, Sena P, Roncucci L solely contributed to this paper.
Supported by The Fondazione Umberto Veronesi (FUV) and the Associazione Ricerca Tumori Intestinali (ARTI) of Modena
Correspondence to: Luca Roncucci, MD, PhD, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Università, 4, 41124 Modena, Italy. luca.roncucci@unimore.it
Telephone: +39-59-4224052 Fax: +39-59-4222958
Received: September 27, 2013
Revised: December 5, 2013
Accepted: April 21, 2014
Published online: August 7, 2014
Revised: December 5, 2013
Accepted: April 21, 2014
Published online: August 7, 2014
Core Tip
Core tip: This paper examines the most important inflammatory pathways involved in the very early steps of colorectal carcinogenesis. In particular, it emphasizes the role played by cells of the immune system and key proteins, like cyclooxygenases, resistins, hypoxia-inducible factor 1, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, and sirtuins, in fostering changes in mechanisms, like cell proliferation, DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy, anaerobial metabolism and tissue remodeling, considered central for colorectal cancer development.