Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Meta-Anal. Oct 28, 2021; 9(5): 411-437
Published online Oct 28, 2021. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i5.411
Table 1 Characteristics of various autograft materials

Hamstrings
BTB
Quadriceps
Cross-sectional areaGood to excellentFair to goodGood to excellent
Mechanical strengthGoodGood to excellentExcellent
Adjustment of graft lengthPossibleDifficultEasy
All-inside technologyEasySometimes difficultEasy
Preservation of remnantPossibleSometimes difficultSometimes difficult
Double bundle EasyDifficultPossible
Graft fixation
FemoralCortical buttonInterference screwInterference screw
(metalic > bioabsorbable)(metalic > bioabsorbable)
Cortical buttonCortical button
TibialCortical buttonInterference screwCortical button
Interference screw(metallic ≥ bioabsorbable)Interference screw
(metalic < bioabsorbable)
Post fixation
ComplicationNerve injuryPatellar fracturePatellar fracture
(infra-patellar branches of the saphenous nerve)
Decrease of Flexor muscle strengthKneeling pain
Anterior knee pain
Decrease of extensor muscle strengthDecrease of extensor muscle strength
Indication
RecommendAmateur athleteAmateur and professional athleteAmateur and professional athlete
(high-intensity sports)(high-intensity sports)
Revision surgery
Not recommendBallet dancerWrestler, Judo, Karate
Table 2 Features of independent and dependent techniques

Independent technique

Dependent technique


AnteromedialOutside-inTTModified TTTT with modified devices
Femoral tunnel positionAnatomicalAnatomicalSomewhat unanatomicalAnatomicalAnatomical
Complexity of techniqueRelatively simpleSomewhat complicatedSimpleSimpleSimple
Table 3 Features of the conventional technique and all-inside technique

Conventional technique
All-inside technique
Invasiveness in the tibial tunnel
Bone damageModerateMinor
BleedingModerateMinor
Invasiveness during autograft harvestingMinor or moderateMinor
Postoperative painModerateMinor
Complexity of surgeryMinorModerate