Single-balloon and spiral enteroscopy may have similar diagnostic and therapeutic yields to double-balloon enteroscopy: Results from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective studies

Table 1 Study characteristics

Ref.	Country	Study design	Intervention	No. of patients	Male/Female	Age	Indications (OGIB/others)
Moran et al[7], 2018	United States	RCT	SBE	17	3/14	55.8 ± 20.3	8/9
			SE	13	10/3	53.1 ± 18.3	7/6
Oka et al[8], 2015	Japan	RCT	DBE	10	6/4	63.9 ± 12.8	0/10
			SE	10	6/4	63.9 ± 12.8	0/10
Despott et al[9], 2015	United Kingdom	Prospective	DBE	15	5/10	51.4 ± 5.4	0/15
			SE	15	5/10	51.4 ± 5.4	0/15
Messer et al[2], 2013	Germany	RCT	DBE	13	6/7	47.6 ± 20/7	7/6
			SE	13	7/6	61.2 ± 18.6	12/1
Rahmi et al[10], 2013	France	Prospective	DBE	191	76/115	59.0 ± 15.9	151/40
			SE	50	25/25	58.4 ± 14.3	43/7
May et al[11], 2011	Germany	RCT	DBE	10	6/4	69 ± 12	10/0
			SE	10	6/4	69 ± 12	10/0
Frieling et al[12], 2010	Germany	Prospective	DBE	17	7/10	61 ± 17	14/3
			SE	18	10/8	58 ± 25	11/7
Efthymiou et al[3], 2012	Australia	RCT	DBE	57	24/33	61 (49-68)1	44/13
			SBE	50	19/31	67 (51-72)1	40/10
Domagk et al[6], 2011	Germany	RCT	DBE	65	32/33	52 (18-84)2	29/36
			SBE	65	35/30	53 (21-80)2	26/39
Takano et al[5], 2011	Japan	RCT	DBE	20	15/5	62.7 ± 16.1	13/7
			SBE	18	13/5	64.9 ± 14.7	10/8
Ren et al[4], 2011	China	RCT	DBE	50	35/15	42.3	25/25
			SBE

¹Median (IQR).

²Median (range). RCT: Randomized controlled trial; SBE: Single-balloon enteroscopy; SE: Spiral enteroscopy; DBE: Double-balloon enteroscopy; OGIB: Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Table 2 Outcome measures of enteroscopy

Ref.	Intervention	No. of endoscopy	Diagnostic yield, n (%)	Therapeutic yield, n (%)	Total enterosco-py, n (%)	DMI, mean ± SD (cm)	Time to maximum insertion, mean ± SD (min)	Examination time, mean ± SD (min)
								Oral	Anal
Moran et al[7], 2018	SBE	17	7/17 (41.2)	4/17 (24)	NA	285.3 ± 80.8	NA	36.1 ± 11.4	NA
	SE	13	9/13 (69.2)	6/13 (46)	NA	330.0 ± 88.2	NA	34.8 ± 4.7	NA
Oka et al[8], 2015	DBE	10	10/10 (100)	NA	NA	228 ± 22.0	32.9 ± 5.2	38.9 ± 5.0	NA
	SE	10	9/10 (90)	NA	NA	214 ± 16.9	19.5 ± 2.6	28.2 ± 4.3	NA
Despott et al[9], 2015	DBE	14	NA	NA	NA	265 (227-324)3	45 (35-53)3	54 (45-62)3	NA
	SE	14	NA	NA	NA	175 (132-212)3	24 (20-28)3	28 (27-36)3	NA
Messer et al[2], 2013	DBE	13	6/13 (46)	12/13 (92)	12/13 (92.3)	346.2 ± 63.3	46.2 ± 12.5	59.6 ± 14.5	76.1 ± 21.8
	SE	13	9/13 (69)	12/13 (92)	1/13 (7.7)	268.5 ± 76.3	26.2 ± 7.7	43.4 ± 10.2	51.9 ± 11.0
Rahmi et al[10], 2013	DBE	191	143/191 (74.9)	133/191 (69.6)	NA	200 (150-300)2	NA	60 (45-80)2	NA
	SE	50	35/50 (70.0)	33/50 (66)	NA	220 (200-300)2	NA	55 (45-80)2	NA
May et al[11], 2011	DBE	10	NA	141	NA	310 (220-430)3	46.5 ± 19.3	65.0 ± 12.8	NA
	SE	10	NA	91	NA	250 (200-340)3	24.3 ± 11.8	43.3 ± 9.3	NA
Frieling et al[12], 2010	DBE	17	8/17 (47.1)	NA	NA	265 ± 88.1	NA	41.8 ± 9.5
	SE	18	6/18 (33.4)	NA	NA	216 ± 54.1	NA	46.5 ± 12
Efthymiou et al[3], 2012	DBE	66	35/66 (53)	17/66 (26)	0/5	234.1 ± 99.3	NA	60 (45-70)2
	SBE	53	30/53 (57)	16/53 (30)	0/1	203.8 ± 87.6	NA	60 (45-67)2
Domagk et al[6], 2011	DBE	65	28/65 (43)	6/65 (9)	12/65 (18)	253 (120-450)3	NA	105 (40-140)3
	SBE	65	24/65 (37)	3/65 (5)	7/65 (11)	258 (100-560)3	NA	96 (35-135)3
Takano et al[5], 2011	DBE	20	10/20 (50)	7/20 (35)	8/14 (57)	NA	NA	70.4 ± 26.5	90.4 ± 13.7
	SBE	18	11/18 (61)	5/18 (28)	0/14	NA	NA	92.8 ± 20.6	93.1 ± 22.6
Ren et al[4], 2011	DBE	20	12/20 (60)	NA	0/6	328 (200-450)3	NA	70.3 (41-123)3	81.4 (55-141)3
	SBE	20	18/20 (90)	NA	0/5	360 (300-450)3	NA	63.7 (38-112)3	73.1 (45-132)3

¹Angiodysplasias treated with APC.

²Median (IQR).

³Median (range). SBE: Single-balloon enteroscopy; SE: Spiral enteroscopy; DBE: Double-balloon enteroscopy; NA: Not available; DMI: Depth of maximal insertion; SD: Standard deviate.