Difference in incidence of developing hepatocellular carcinoma between hepatitis B virus-and hepatitis C virus-infected patients

Table 1 Actual elevated alanine aminotransferase levels cited in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Ref.	Actual elevated ALT levels
Kim et al[5]	Above normal levels
Du et al[6]	Above normal levels
Choi et al[7]	Above normal levels
Wen et al[8]	≥ 25 IU/L
Hann et al[11]	Elevated
Chen et al[12]	≥ 45 IU/L
Kumada et al[13]	Absence of persistently normal ALT levels
Chen et al[14]	Above normal levels
Ishiguro et al[15]	≥ 30 IU/L
Ando et al[16]	≥ 23 IU/L
Yamada et al[17]	≥ 40 IU/L

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 2 Actual elevated alanine aminotransferase levels cited in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Ref.	Actual elevated ALT levels
Ishiguro et al[15]	≥ 30 IU/L
Chen et al[18]	≥ 45 IU/L
Sun et al[19]	Elevated
Tanaka et al[20]	Elevated
Kumada et al[21]	> 20 IU/L
Ito et al[22]	> 35 IU/L
Suruki et al[23]	> 35 IU/L
Lee et al[24]	Always ≥ 45 IU/L

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 3 Hazard ratio for developing hepatocellular carcinoma for each item in various reports of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Ref.	Sex	Age	HBV-DNA	ALT	AFP	Presence of cirrhosis	HBV genotype	Alcohol use	Tabaco	DM
Kim et al[5]	2.782	1.080	0.986	2.641		2.955		2.105		2.00
Du et al[6]	2.94	3.30		2.55		2.45
Choi et al[7]	1.67	1.05	1.02	1.54	1.21	1.54
Wen et al[10]	1.93	5.34		1.93
Hann et al[11]				1.21						2.60
Chen et al[12]			3.12	5.75		7.961	2.05 (Type C)
Kumada et al[13]	6.011		5.125	3.939	6.779	18.033
Chen et al[14]	1.2	2.0	1.6	1.7				2.3	1.9
Ishiguro et al[15]				10.5	2.183
Ando et al[16]	2.200	3.395	1.442	1.914	1.967
Yamada et al[17]	1.44	5.867				5.59
Average	2.52	3.15	2.212	3.37		6.42

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AFP: α-fetoprotein; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.

Table 4 Hazard ratio for developing hepatocellular carcinoma in each item in various reports of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Ref.	Sex	Age	ALT	AFP	Presence of cirrhosis	DM	HCV-genotype
Ishiguro et al[15]		11.4	10.5
Chen et al[18]	1.65	5.83	4.43			3.46
Sun et al[19]		6.5	7.7
Tanaka et al[20]	2.63	4.47	6.23
Kumada et al[21]		2.42	6.263		10.003
Ito et al[22]	1.448	2.187	1.916	6.5
Suruki et al[23]
Lee et al[24]							2.8 (HCV-1)
Average		5.486	5.877

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AFP: α-fetoprotein; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.