Meta-analysis of anti-ribosomal P antibodies in lupus psychosis

Table 1 Studies of anti-ribosomal P antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus

Study	Assay method	Location	Included	Comment
Abdel-Nesser 2008	ELISA	Egypt	Yes	Case-control study
Almeida 2002	ELISA	Spain	Yes
Arnett 1996	ELISA	United States	Yes	Case-control study
Bonfa 1987	Immunoblotting, RIA	United States	Yes
Briani 2009	Immunoblotting	Italy	Yes	Case-control study
Caponi 2002	ELISA	Italy	Yes	Case-control study
Chan 1998	ELISA, Western blot	China	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Conti 2004	ELISA	Italy	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Derksen 1990	ELISA	Netherlands	Yes
Ebert 2005	N/A		No	Review article
Ghirardello 2001	N/A		No	Review article
Haddouk 2009	Immunodot assay	Tunisia	Yes	Case-control study
Hanly 2008	ELISA	Canada	Yes	Case-control study
Hanly 2011	ELISA, Lupus anticoagulant	Canada	Yes	Case-control study
Hoffman 2004	N/A	Europe	No	Data for aRP not available
Isshi 1996	ELISA	Japan	Yes	Case-control study
Isshi 1998	ELISA	Japan	No	Reported absolute titers
Jonsen 2003	Immunoassays	Sweden	Yes
Kao 1999	N/A	China	Yes
Karassa 2005	N/A	Multicenter	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Magalhaes 2007	ELISA	Brazil	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Mahler 2003	Indirect immunofluorescence		No	Review article
Massardo 2002	Double immune diffusion, or Western blot and ELISA	Chile	Yes	Case-control study
Munoz 1999	N/A	Spain	Yes
Nagai 2005	Flow cytometery	Japan	No	In vitro study
Nagai 2011	ELISA	Japan	No	In vitro study
Nojima 1992	western blot	Japan	Yes	Case-control study
Press 1996	ELISA	Canada	Yes	Case-control study
Sanna 2000	N/A	Italy	No	Data for aRP not available
Sato 1991	FIEA	Japan	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Schneebaum 1991	ELISA	United States	Yes	Case-control study
Shovman 2006	ELISA	Israel	Yes	Case-control study
Teh 1992	ELISA	United Kingdom	Yes	Case-control study
Teh 1993	ELISA	United Kingdom	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Teh 1993b	ELISA	United Kingdom	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Toubi 2007	N/A		No	Review article
Tziousfas 2000	Western blot	Isreal	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Van Dam 1991	ELISA, Immunoblotting	Netherlands	Yes	Case-control study
Watanabe 1996	ELISA	Japan	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Weiner 2000	Not specified	Germany	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
West 1995	ELISA	United States	Yes
Williams 2004	Western blot	United States	Yes
Yalaoui 2002	N/A	Tunisia	No	Psychosis not stratified from other neuropsychiatric sequelae
Yoshio 1995	ELISA	Japan	Yes	Case-control study

aRP: Anti-ribosomal P; FIEA: Fluro-immuno-enzymatic assay; RIA: Radioimmunoassay.

Table 2 Effect of anti-ribosomal P antibody status on psychosis risk

Study	Total (N)	Meanage (yr)	Female (%)	Mean illness duration (yr)	aRP(+) (n)	aRP(-) (n)	Psychosis (n)	Psychosis a-nd aRP(+) (n)	No psycho-sis and aRP(+) (n)	Psychosis and aRP(-) (n)	No psycho-sis and aRP(-) (n)	OR	95%CI
Abdel-Nesser 2008	32	25.0	87.5	3.9	7	25	1	1	6	0	25	8.33	0.25-278.68
Arnett 1996	364				63	301	17	8	55	9	292	4.72	1.74-12.76
Briani 2009	219	28.0	84.5		45	174	1	1	44	0	174	7.91	0.26-239.58
Caponi 2002	149	37.1	93.3	9.3	18	131	1	0	18	1	130	0.07	0-2.6 × 107
Haddouk 2009	200	30.5	86.5		47	153	3	1	46	2	151	1.64	0.15-18.51
Hanly 2008	214	34.9	87.4	0.4	17	197	7	3	14	4	193	10.34	2.10-50.82
Hanly 2011	991	35.2	89.1	0.5	91	900	14	4	87	10	890	4.09	1.26-13.32
Isshi 1996	75				21	54	19	10	11	9	45	4.55	1.49-13.88
Massardo 2002	141	33.0	90.1	5.0	21	120	2	2	19	0	120	25.26	1.10-581.69
Nojima 1992	91		80.0		38	53	10	9	29	1	53	16.45	1.98-136.36
Press 1996	79				16	63	13	5	11	8	55	3.13	0.86-11.37
Schneebaum 1991	269				51	218	29	13	38	16	202	4.32	1.92-9.71
Shovman 2006	44				6	38	1	1	5	0	38	15.2	0.45-513.80
The 1992	116				18	98	13	3	15	10	88	1.76	0.43-7.15
Van Dam 1991	38				12	26	1	1	11	0	26	4.73	0.15-151.50
Yoshio 1995	70	31.9	94.3		41	29	10	3	38	7	22	0.25	0.06-1.06
Total	3093				512	2581	142	65	447	77	2504

aRP: Anti-ribosomal P; OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence interval.