Mechanism for development of malnutrition in primary biliary cholangitis

Figure 1  Chemical structure of phosphatidylcholine containing palmitic and oleic fatty acids.

Figure 2  Schematic diagram of the composition of lipoid-bile acids complexes formed in the small bowel.

Figure 3  Metabolism of vitamin D and its involvement in the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium.

Figure 4  Use of α-ketoglutarate, glutamate, oxaloacetate, and aspartate to detoxify ammonia.

Figure 5  Synthesis of false neurotransmitters in hyperammonemia.