Using Materialise's interactive medical image control system to reconstruct a model of a patient with rectal cancer and situs inversus totalis: A case report

Figure 1 A palpable encircling mass was found in the lower rectum on colonoscopy (yellow arrow).

Figure 2 Pathological results. A-C: Pathology suggested moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (100×).

Figure 3 Chest X-ray image showing dextrocardia and a right subphrenic gastric bubble (yellow arrow).

Figure 4 Abdominopelvic computed tomography images. A: Computed tomography (CT) image revealing that a soft tissue mass was irregularly infiltrated into the serous membrane (white arrow). The mass was seen to protrude into the lumen, with metastatic lymph nodes detected around; B: CT image further revealing the complete transposition of the abdominal viscera; C: CT image disclosing complete transposition of the abdominal viscera (coronal view); D: CT image disclosing complete transposition of the abdominal viscera (sagittal view).

Figure 5 Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging. A: T2WI image revealing that a soft tissue mass was irregularly thickened and was seen to protrude into the lumen; B: Axial DWI image showing a high signal of the mass (white arrow); C: Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showing rectal wall thickening (coronal view); D: Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging showing rectal wall thickening. (sagittal view).

Figure 6 The three-dimensional model of abdominal organs and blood vessels of the patient. A: Positive view. The patient's heart, liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, and large blood vessels were visible as "mirror human" images; B: Starboard forward view. It demonstrates rectum and its surrounding organs, blood vessels, and lymph nodes; C: Left pelvic elevation view. The anterior is the uterus in pink, and the posterior translucent material is the rectum. The darker lump inside the rectum lumen shows the tumor. The yellow nodules around the rectum are metastatic lymph nodes.

Figure 7 Specimen. A: Laparoscopic view of the sigmoid colon; B: View of the liver; C: Another view of the liver; D: Rectal cancer specimen.