Published online Nov 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i32.9783
Peer-review started: June 6, 2021
First decision: July 5, 2021
Revised: August 13, 2021
Accepted: August 27, 2021
Article in press: August 27, 2021
Published online: November 16, 2021
The pathological mechanism of anterior glenohumeral joint dislocation is mostly static stable structural damage. Bony Bankart lesions accounted for 5.4% to 70% of cases of traumatic instability of the glenohumeral joint and 90% of recurrent shoulder dislocations. Bony Bankart lesions lead to scapular glenoid defects, which are often repaired by the Latarjet-Bristow procedure. While good results have been achieved, there are also complications, such as coracoid fracture, bone graft displacement, and vascular and nerve injury.
To avoid the complications caused by the removal of the grafted bone from the coracoid, this study used allograft bone from the scapular spine and the allograft pins to repair and reconstruct bony Bankart lesions of the shoulder joint. To avoid obtaining grafted bone from the coracoid, the complications and medical costs were decreased. In vitro biomechanics experiments were performed.
This study aimed to analyze the technique and biomechanical properties of transversely fixing a bone block from the scapular spine using bone allograft pins with suture threads to repair bony Bankart lesions.
Twenty-four fresh human shoulder joint specimens were randomized into a titanium alloy hollow screw repair group, an allograft pin repair group, and a normal control group, with eight shoulders in each group. Model establishment and repair were performed as required, and biomechanical testing was performed using the MTS Tytron 250 system.
When the angle of external rotation of the humerus was 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°, with axials loads of 30 N, 40 N, and 50 N, the data of normal control group, allograft pin repair group, and titanium alloy hollow screw repair group, which revealed that there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05).
The joints repaired with bone block from the scapular spine transversely fixed with allograft bony pins to repair bony Bankart lesions show good mechanical stability.
This new method is conducive to treating injury post-surgery, is feasible, reduces medical costs, and is expected to be popularized and applied in the clinic.