Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Methodol. Jun 26, 2015; 5(2): 88-100
Published online Jun 26, 2015. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.88
Table 1 Present cyanide therapies worldwide
Antidotal therapyCountry availability
Sodium nitrite, amyl nitrite and sodium thiosulfateEurope, Asia (Lilly kit; Talor kit; Pasadena kit) United States (Nithiodote™)
HydroxocobalaminEuropean Union/United States (Cyanokit®)
4-DimethylaminophenolGermany/Austria/Netherlands
Dicobalt edetateNetherlands/France/United Kingdom/Australia/Israel (Kelocyanor)
Table 2 Novel cyanide therapies in development for rapid IM delivery in mass casualty situations
Novel therapyMechanism of actionOlder analog
CobinamideDirect CN ScavengerHydroxocobalamin
SulfanegenCN Transformer (Leverages the mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase enzyme)Mercaptopyruvate
Next generation sulfane sulfur donorsCN Transformer (Leverages the rhodanese enzyme)Thiosulfate