Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2021; 11(5): 263-277
Published online Sep 20, 2021. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v11.i5.263
Table 1 Search terms
RRT and neonate/newbornRRT congenital cataract
RRT and complicationsRRT retinoblastoma
RRT and necessityRRT and glaucoma
RRT and sensitivity and specificityRRT and blindness
RRT and differential diagnosisRRT and leukocoria
RRT guidelinesRRT and prematurity
Table 2 Quality assessment
Ref.
Year
Selection bias
Study design
Confounders
Blinding
Data collection methods
Withdrawals and drop-outs
Global rating
Nye[1]2014ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
De Aguiar et al[2]2011StrongWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
Eventov-Friedman et al[3]2010ModerateWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
AAP[4]2008ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Litmanovitz et al[5]2010ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Cagini et al[6]2017StrongWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
Loh et al[7]2018ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Donahue et al[8]2016ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Li et al[11]2010WeakWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Gurney et al[12]2018WeakWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Levin[13]2015WeakWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Sloot et al[14]2015ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Wan et al[15]2014WeakWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Tuli et al[16]2011ModerateWeakWeakModerateModerateNAWeak
Ozkurt et al[17]2018StrongWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
Bell et al[19]2014ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Balmer et al[20]2007ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Mansoor et al[21]2016ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Popoola et al[22]2019ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Abramson et al[23]2003ModerateWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
AAP et al[24]2002ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Li et al[25]2013StrongWeakStrongWeakStrongNAWeak
Butros et al[26]2002ModerateWeakWeakWeakWeakNAWeak
Sun et al[28]2016StrongWeakStrongWeakstrongNAWeak
DerKinderen et al[29]1989ModerateWeakStrongWeakStrongNAWeak
Goddard et al[30]1999ModerateWeakStrongWeakStrongNAWeak
Bhatti et al[31]2003ModerateWeakWeakModerateModerateNAWeak
Rajavi et al[32]2016ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Gogate et al[33]2011WeakWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Haargaard et al[34]2015ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Atiq et al[35]2004WeakWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Meier et al[36]2006ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Donahue et al[37]2016ModerateWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
Mndeme et al[38]2010ModerateWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
Magnusson et al[39]2013ModerateWeakStrongModerateStrongNAModerate
Özkurt et al[40]2019ModerateWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
Ulanovsky et al[41]2015StrongWeakStrongModerateModerateNAModerate
Raoof et al[42]2016WeakWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
Wall et al[44]2002WeakWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
Gupta et al[45]2019WeakWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Munson et al[46]2019ModerateWeakWeakModerateModerateNAWeak
Chen et al[52]2019ModerateWeakWeakModerateStrongNAWeak
AAP[53]2003ModerateWeakStrongModerateWeakNAWeak
Anderson[54]2019ModerateWeakWeakModerateWeakNAWeak
Table 3 Data extracted from the eligible articles

Total number of articles
Ref.
Emphasis on the importance of RRT44[1-8,11-17,19-26,28-42,44,46,52-54]
Retinoblastoma20[3,6,11,12,15-17,19-23,26,28-30,36,38,40,54]
Congenital cataract16[3,5,6,12,15-17,19,21,31-35,38-40]
Retinopathy of prematurity4[2,3,16,20]
Specificity and/or Sensitivity of RRT10[3,5,6,11,12,22,25,28,32,38]
Compliance of health care providers with current screening protocols12[2,3,5,6,14,22,23,32,39,40,42,44]
Limitations of RRT9[1,4,6,11,12,23,26,28,41]
Comparison of RRT with other techniques7[17,25,28,34,38,45,46]
Table 4 Anatomical approach for an abnormal red reflex test[4,12]
Tear filmMucus or other foreign bodies
CorneaDysgenesis of the anterior segment (Peters anomaly), congenital glaucoma, birth trauma
LensCataract
VitreousPersistent fetal vasculature, vitreous hemorrhage or inflammation
RetinaRetinoblastoma, retinal detachment, Coat’s disease, chorioretinalcoloboma, toxocariasis
OtherAnisometropia, strabismus