Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2025; 15(3): 99080
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i3.99080
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Flowchart.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Forest plot. A: Forest plot showing the association of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) incidence between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD); B: Forest plot showing the association of CR-POPF between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent DP; C: Forest plot showing the association of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent PD; D: Forest plot showing the association of DGE between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent DP; E: Forest plot showing the association of overall morbidity between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent PD; F: Forest plot showing the association of overall morbidity between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent DP; G: Forest plot shows the association of mortality between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent PD; H: Forest plot shows the association of mortality between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent DP. POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula; DGE: Delayed gastric emptying.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 Funnel plot. A: Funnel plot of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) between the drain and no-drain groups among patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Egger test result: T = 0.31, df = 10, P value = 0.7657; B: Funnel plot of CR-POPF between the drain and no-drain groups among patients who underwent DP; C: Funnel plot of delayed gastric emptying between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent PD; D: Funnel plot of overall morbidity between the drain and no drain groups among patients who underwent PD; E: Funnel plot of mortality between the drain and no-drain groups among those who have undergone PD.