Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

Figure 1 Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell flow cytometry. Positive marker values (cluster of differentiation [CD]90, CD105, CD73 and CD44) are above 95%. Negative marker values (CD45, CD34, CD19, CD11B, human leukocyte antigen-DR and CD14) are below 2%. HLA: Human leukocyte antigen[8]. Citation: Boyalı O, Kabatas S, Civelek E, Ozdemir O, Bahar-Ozdemir Y, Kaplan N, Savrunlu EC, Karaöz E. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells may be a viable treatment modality in cerebral palsy. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12: 1585-1596. Copyright © The Authors 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

Figure 2 Detection of the differentiation potential of Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. A and B: Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were cultured without adipogenic induction and cultured for 3 weeks in adipogenic differentiation medium. Adipogenic differentiation was evidenced by the formation of lipid vacuoles with oil red O staining; C and D: WJ-MSCs were cultured without osteogenic induction and cultured for 3 weeks in osteogenic differentiation medium. Osteogenic differentiation was evidenced by the detection of calcium deposits with Alizarin Red staining; E and F: WJ-MSCs were cultured without chondrogenic induction and cultured for 3 weeks in chondrogenic differentiation medium. Chondrogenic differentiation was evidenced with Alcian Blue staining[8]. Citation: Boyalı O, Kabatas S, Civelek E, Ozdemir O, Bahar-Ozdemir Y, Kaplan N, Savrunlu EC, Karaöz E. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells may be a viable treatment modality in cerebral palsy. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12: 1585-1596. Copyright © The Authors 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

Figure 3 Change of Denver II Developmental Screening test before and after treatment. The rapid improvement in the language area and personal-social area is noteworthy.